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Jami` at-Tirmidhi 770
Abdullah bin Amr narrated that:
The Messenger of Allah said: "The most virtuous fast is the fast of my brother Dawud. He would fast a day, and not fast (the next) day. He would not flee at the time of engagement (with the enemy)."
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ، وَسُفْيَانَ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ أَفْضَلُ الصَّوْمِ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ كَانَ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا وَلاَ يَفِرُّ إِذَا لاَقَى ‏" ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَأَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هُوَ الشَّاعِرُ الْمَكِّيُّ الأَعْمَى وَاسْمُهُ السَّائِبُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ ‏.‏ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ أَنْ تَصُومَ يَوْمًا وَتُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا ‏.‏ وَيُقَالُ هَذَا هُوَ أَشَدُّ الصِّيَامِ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 770
In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 89
English translation : Vol. 2, Book 3, Hadith 770
Sunan Abi Dawud 2370
Narrated Thawban, the client of the Prophet (saws):
The Prophet (saws) as saying: A man who cups and a man who gets himself cupped break their fast.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ - عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَكْحُولٌ، أَنَّ شَيْخًا، مِنَ الْحَىِّ - قَالَ عُثْمَانُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ مُصَدَّقٌ - أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ ثَوْبَانَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)  صحيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 2370
In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 58
English translation : Book 13, Hadith 2364
Sunan Ibn Majah 1683
It was narrated that ‘Aishah said:
“The Prophet (saw) used to kiss during the month of fasting.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، قَالاَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ عِلاَقَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُقَبِّلُ فِي شَهْرِ الصَّوْمِ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1683
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 46
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1683
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 667
Abdullah bin Buraidah narrated from his father:
"I was sitting with the Prophet when a woman came to him and said: 'O Messenger of Allah! I gave a slave girl to my mother in charity and she died.' He said: 'Your reward is already established, and your right to inherit her has returned it (that Sadaqah) to you.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allah! There was a month of fasting due on her, shall I perform the fast for her?' He said: 'Fast on her behalf.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allah! She never performed Hajj, shall I perform Hajj for her?' He said: 'Yes, perform Hajj on her behalf.'"
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَى أُمِّي بِجَارِيَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏ "‏ وَجَبَ أَجْرُكِ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكِ الْمِيرَاثُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا كَانَ عَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ أَفَأَصُومُ عَنْهَا قَالَ ‏"‏ صُومِي عَنْهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَطُّ أَفَأَحُجُّ عَنْهَا قَالَ ‏"‏ نَعَمْ حُجِّي عَنْهَا ‏" ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَلاَ يُعْرَفُ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ بُرَيْدَةَ إِلاَّ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ ‏.‏ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ ثِقَةٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ ثُمَّ وَرِثَهَا حَلَّتْ لَهُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ شَيْءٌ جَعَلَهَا لِلَّهِ فَإِذَا وَرِثَهَا فَيَجِبُ أَنْ ...
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 667
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 51
English translation : Vol. 2, Book 2, Hadith 667
Sunan Ibn Majah 1646
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade anticipating the fast by fasting one day before sighting (of the crescent).”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَنْ تَعْجِيلِ صَوْمِ يَوْمٍ قَبْلَ الرُّؤْيَةِ ‏.‏
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1646
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 9
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1646
Mishkat al-Masabih 2007
He reported God’s messenger as saying, "If one has a sudden attack of vomiting while he is fasting no atonement is required of him, but if he vomits intentionally he must make atonement." Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it. Tirmidhi said this is a gharib tradition which he knew only among the traditions of ‘Isa. b. Yunus, and that Muhammad, i.e. Bukhari, said he did not consider it one which was held in estimation.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «من ذرعه الْقَيْء وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ وَمَنِ اسْتَقَاءَ عَمْدًا فَلْيَقْضِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ. وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُس. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي البُخَارِيّ لَا أرَاهُ مَحْفُوظًا
  لم تتمّ دراسته   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 2007
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 51
Sahih al-Bukhari 1970

Narrated `Aisha:

The Prophet never fasted in any month more than in the month of Sha'ban. He used to say, "Do those deeds which you can do easily, as Allah will not get tired (of giving rewards) till you get bored and tired (of performing religious deeds)." The most beloved prayer to the Prophet was the one that was done regularly (throughout the life) even if it were little. And whenever the Prophet offered a prayer he used to offer it regularly .

حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ حَدَّثَتْهُ قَالَتْ، لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَصُومُ شَهْرًا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ كُلَّهُ، وَكَانَ يَقُولُ ‏"‏ خُذُوا مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تُطِيقُونَ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَمَلُّ حَتَّى تَمَلُّوا، وَأَحَبُّ الصَّلاَةِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَا دُووِمَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ قَلَّتْ ‏"‏ وَكَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى صَلاَةً دَاوَمَ عَلَيْهَا‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1970
In-book reference : Book 30, Hadith 77
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 3, Book 31, Hadith 191
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Sahih al-Bukhari 4190

Narrated Ka`b bin Ujra:

The Prophet came to me at the time of Al-Hudaibiya Pledge while lice were falling on my face. He said, "Are the lice of your head troubling you?" I said, "Yes." He said, "Shave your head and fast for three days, or feed six poor persons, or slaughter a sheep as sacrifice." (The sub-narrator, Aiyub said, "I do not know with which of these three options he started.")

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ أَتَى عَلَىَّ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ، وَالْقَمْلُ يَتَنَاثَرُ عَلَى وَجْهِي فَقَالَ ‏{‏أَيُؤْذِيكَ هَوَامُّ رَأْسِكَ‏}‏‏.‏ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَاحْلِقْ، وَصُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ، أَوِ انْسُكْ نَسِيكَةً ‏" ‏‏.‏ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ لاَ أَدْرِي بِأَىِّ هَذَا بَدَأَ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 4190
In-book reference : Book 64, Hadith 230
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 5, Book 59, Hadith 503
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Sahih al-Bukhari 4511

Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d The Verse "And eat and drink until the white thread appears to you distinct:

from the black thread." was revealed, but: '... of dawn' was not revealed (along with it) so some men, when intending to fast, used to tie their legs, one with white thread and the other with black thread and would keep on eating till they could distinguish one thread from the other. Then Allah revealed' ... of dawn,' whereupon they understood that meant the night and the day.

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُطَرِّفٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، قَالَ وَأُنْزِلَتْ ‏‏{‏وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ‏}‏ وَلَمْ يُنْزَلْ ‏‏{‏مِنَ الْفَجْرِ‏}‏ وَكَانَ رِجَالٌ إِذَا أَرَادُوا الصَّوْمَ رَبَطَ أَحَدُهُمْ فِي رِجْلَيْهِ الْخَيْطَ الأَبْيَضَ وَالْخَيْطَ الأَسْوَدَ، وَلاَ يَزَالُ يَأْكُلُ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُ رُؤْيَتُهُمَا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بَعْدَهُ ‏‏{‏مِنَ الْفَجْرِ‏}‏ فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّمَا يَعْنِي اللَّيْلَ مِنَ النَّهَارِ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 4511
In-book reference : Book 65, Hadith 38
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 38
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Sunan Ibn Majah 1655
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said:
“When you see the new crescent then fast, and when you see it then stop fasting. If it is cloudy then fast thirty days.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَرْوَانَ الْعُثْمَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ ‏ "‏ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلاَلَ فَصُومُوا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَصُومُوا ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْمًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1655
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 18
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1655
Sunan Ibn Majah 1685
It was narrated from Hafsah that:
The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to kiss when he was fasting.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ شُتَيْرِ بْنِ شَكَلٍ، عَنْ حَفْصَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ كَانَ يُقَبِّلُ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1685
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 48
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1685
Sahih Muslim 722

Abu Murra, the freed slave of Umm Hani, narrated on the authority of Abu Darda':

My Friend (may peace be upon him) instructed me in three (acts), and I would never abandon them as long as I live. (And these three things are): Three fasts during every month, the forenoon prayer, and this that I should not sleep till I have observed the Witr prayer.
وَحَدَّثَنِي هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُنَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مُرَّةَ، مَوْلَى أُمِّ هَانِئٍ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ، قَالَ أَوْصَانِي حَبِيبِي صلى الله عليه وسلم بِثَلاَثٍ لَنْ أَدَعَهُنَّ مَا عِشْتُ بِصِيَامِ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَصَلاَةِ الضُّحَى وَبِأَنْ لاَ أَنَامَ حَتَّى أُوتِرَ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 722
In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 105
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1561
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Sahih Muslim 1092 a

'Abdullah b. Mas'ud (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had said:

Bilal would pronounce Adhan (at the fag end of the night in order to inform the people about the time of the Sahri). So you eat and drink till you hear the Adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum (which was pro- nounced at the conclusion of the Sahri and the commencement of the fast).
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ، سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، - رضى الله عنه - عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ بِلاَلاً يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى تَسْمَعُوا تَأْذِينَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1092a
In-book reference : Book 13, Hadith 42
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 6, Hadith 2399
  (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sahih Muslim 1715 a

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying:

Verily Allah likes three things for you and He disapproves three things for you. He is pleased with you that you worship Him and associate nor anything with Him, that you hold fast the rope of Allah, and be not scattered; and He disapproves for you irrelevant talk, persistent questioning ane the wasting of wealth.
حَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْضَى لَكُمْ ثَلاَثًا وَيَكْرَهُ لَكُمْ ثَلاَثًا فَيَرْضَى لَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوهُ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَأَنْ تَعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا وَلاَ تَفَرَّقُوا وَيَكْرَهُ لَكُمْ قِيلَ وَقَالَ وَكَثْرَةَ السُّؤَالِ وَإِضَاعَةَ الْمَالِ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1715a
In-book reference : Book 30, Hadith 12
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 18, Hadith 4255
  (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sunan an-Nasa'i 2181
It was narrated that Aishah said:
"The Prophet used to fast Shaban." '
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 2181
In-book reference : Book 22, Hadith 92
English translation : Vol. 3, Book 22, Hadith 2183
Sunan Ibn Majah 1710
It was narrated that Abu Salamah said:
“I asked ‘Aishah about the fasting of the Prophet (saw). She said: ‘He used to fast until we thought he would always fast. And he used to not fast until we thought he would always not fast. I never saw him fast more in any month than in Sha’ban. He used to fast all of Sha’ban; he used to fast all of Sha’ban except a little.’”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَبِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ صِيَامِ النَّبِيِّ، ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَقَالَتْ: كَانَ يَصُومُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ قَدْ صَامَ ‏.‏ وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ: قَدْ أَفْطَرَ. وَلَمْ أَرَهُ صَامَ مِنْ شَهْرٍ قَطُّ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ صِيَامِهِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ. كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ كُلَّهُ. كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1710
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 73
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1710

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Abdullah ibn Abbas used to say, "The least difficult thing acceptable as a sacrificial animal is a sheep."

Malik said, "That is what I like most out of what I have heard about the matter, because Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says in His Book, 'O you who trust, do not kill game while you are in ihram. Whoever of you kills it intentionally, there shall be repayment the like of what he has slain, from livestock, as shall be judged by two men of justice among you, a sacrificial animal which will reach the Kaba, or food for poor people, or the equivalent of that in fasting,' (Sura 5 ayat 95) and a sheep is one of the animals which is judged to be acceptable as a sacrifice. Allah has called it a sacrificial animal, and there is no dispute among us about the matter. How, indeed, could anyone be in doubt about the matter? A sheep is the kaffara for anything which does not reach the extent of something for which a camel or a cow would be the kaffara, and the kaffara for something which does not reach the extent of something for which a sheep would be the kaffara is fasting, or feeding poor people."

وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، كَانَ يَقُولُ ‏{‏مَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ‏}‏ شَاةٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ أَحَبُّ مَا سَمِعْتُ إِلَىَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ ‏{‏يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاَ تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ وَمَنْ قَتَلَهُ مِنْكُمْ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ يَحْكُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ هَدْيًا بَالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ أَوْ كَفَّارَةٌ طَعَامُ مَسَاكِينَ أَوْ عَدْلُ ذَلِكَ صِيَامًا‏}‏ فَمِمَّا يُحْكَمُ بِهِ فِي الْهَدْىِ شَاةٌ وَقَدْ سَمَّاهَا اللَّهُ هَدْيًا وَذَلِكَ الَّذِي لاَ اخْتِلاَفَ فِيهِ عِنْدَنَا وَكَيْفَ يَشُكُّ أَحَدٌ فِي ذَلِكَ وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ لاَ يَبْلُغُ أَنْ يُحْكَمَ فِيهِ بِبَعِيرٍ أَوْ بَقَرَةٍ فَالْحُكْمُ فِيهِ شَاةٌ وَمَا لاَ يَبْلُغُ أَنْ يُحْكَمَ فِيهِ بِشَاةٍ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ مِنْ صِيَامٍ أَوْ إِطْعَامِ مَسَاكِينَ ‏.‏
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 20, Hadith 168
Arabic reference : Book 20, Hadith 870
Sunan Ibn Majah 1662
It was narrated that ‘Aishah said:
“Hamzah Al-Aslami asked the Messenger of Allah (saw): ‘I am fasting, should I fast while traveling?’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘If you wish, then fast, and if you wish, then break your fast.’”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: سَأَلَ حَمْزَةُ الأَسْلَمِيُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَصُومُ أَفَأَصُومُ فِي السَّفَرِ؟ فَقَالَ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ ‏ "‏ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَصُمْ وَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَفْطِرْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1662
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 25
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1662
Sunan Abi Dawud 2353

Narrated AbuHurayrah:

The Prophet (saws) said: Religion will continue to prevail as long as people hasten to break the fast, because the Jews and the Christians delay doing so.

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو - عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ يَزَالُ الدِّينُ ظَاهِرًا مَا عَجَّلَ النَّاسُ الْفِطْرَ لأَنَّ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى يُؤَخِّرُونَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Hasan (Al-Albani)  حسن   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 2353
In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 41
English translation : Book 13, Hadith 2346
Sunan Abi Dawud 2420
Narrated Abu Hurairah:
The Messenger of Allah (saws) as saying: None of you must fast on Friday unless he fasts the day before or the day after.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ لاَ يَصُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَصُومَ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)  صحيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 2420
In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 108
English translation : Book 13, Hadith 2414
Musnad Ahmad 435
It was narrated that Abu ‘Ubaid, the freed slave of ‘AbdurRahman bin Azhar, said:
I saw `Ali (رضي الله عنه) and ‘Uthman (رضي الله عنه) praying on the day of al-Fitr and the day of al-Adha, then they reminded the people. And I heard them say: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting on these two days. And I heard ‘Ali (رضي الله عنه) say: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade anything of the sacrificial meat to be left after three days.
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَارِظٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَزْهَرَ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَعُثْمَانَ يُصَلِّيَانِ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ وَالْأَضْحَى ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفَانِ يُذَكِّرَانِ النَّاسَ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُهُمَا يَقُولَانِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِ‏.‏
قَالَ و سَمِعْت عَلِيًّا، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَبْقَى مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) [] (Darussalam)
Reference : Musnad Ahmad 435
In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 33
Musnad Ahmad 510
It was narrated that Abu ‘Ubaid, the freed slave of `AbdurRahman bin Azhar, said:
l saw `Ali (رضي الله عنه) and `Uthman (رضي الله عنه) on the day of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha; they prayed, then when they finished they reminded the people. I heard them saying: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting on these two days. He said: And I heard ‘Ali say: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade anything of the sacrificial meat to be left after three days.
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَارِظٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَزْهَرَ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ عَلِيًّا وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يُصَلِّيَانِ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ وَالْأَضْحَى ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفَانِ يُذَكِّرَانِ النَّاسَ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُهُمَا يَقُولَانِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِ‏.‏ قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا، يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَبْقَى مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)] (Darussalam)
Reference : Musnad Ahmad 510
In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 103
Musnad Ahmad 708
It was narrated from Mas`ood bin al-Hakam al-Ansari az-Zuraqi, from his mother, that she told him:
It is as if I can see `Ali bin Abi Talib (رضي الله عنه), riding the white mule of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), when he stood at the mountain pass of the Ansar during the Farewell Pilgrimage and said: O people, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) says: `These are not the days of fasting, rather they are days of eating, drinking and remembering Allah.”
حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، ثُمَّ الزُّرَقِيِّ عَنْ أُمِّهِ، أَنَّهَا حَدَّثَتْهُ قَالَتْ، لَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْبَيْضَاءِ حِينَ وَقَفَ عَلَى شِعْبِ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِأَيَّامِ صِيَامٍ إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ وَذِكْرٍ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih hadeeth and its isnad is Hasan] (Darussalam)
Reference : Musnad Ahmad 708
In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 141
Mishkat al-Masabih 1996
Abu ‘Atiya said:
Masruq and I visited ‘A'isha and said, “Mother of the faithful, there are two of Muhammad’s companions one of whom hastens to break the fast and hastens to pray while the other delays breaking the fast and delays praying. She asked which of them hastened to break the fast and hastened to pray, and when we told her that he was ‘Abdallah b. Mas'ud she said, "Thus did God’s messenger do." The other was Abu Musa. Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَمَسْرُوقٌ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْنَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَدُهُمَا يُعَجِّلُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُعَجِّلُ الصَّلَاةَ وَالْآخَرُ: يُؤَخِّرُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُؤَخِّرُ الصَّلَاةَ. قَالَتْ: أَيُّهُمَا يُعَجِّلُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُعَجِّلُ الصَّلَاةَ؟ قُلْنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ. قَالَتْ: هَكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْآخَرُ أَبُو مُوسَى. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ
  صَحِيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 1996
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 40
Mishkat al-Masabih 1232, 1233
Abu Malik al-Ash‘ari reported God’s Messenger as saying, “In paradise there are rooms the outside of which can be seen from within and the inside from without which God has prepared for those who speak gently, provide food, observe frequent fasting, and pray during the night when people are asleep.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-iman and Tirmidhi transmitted something similar from ‘Ali. In his version it says “for those who speak pleasantly.”
وَعَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ غُرَفًا يُرَى ظَاهِرُهَا مِنْ بَاطِنِهَا وَبَاطِنُهَا مِنْ ظَاهِرِهَا أَعَدَّهَا اللَّهُ لِمَنْ أَلَانَ الْكَلَامَ وَأَطْعَمَ الطَّعَامَ وَتَابَعَ الصِّيَامَ وَصَلَّى بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّاسُ نيام» . رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيّ فِي شعب الْإِيمَان

وَرَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ نَحْوَهُ وَفِي رِوَايَتِهِ: «لمن أطاب الْكَلَام»

  صَحِيح, صَحِيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 1232, 1233
In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 648
Mishkat al-Masabih 1388
Aus b. Aus reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone washes and bathes on Friday, goes out early* walking, not riding, goes near to the imam and listens without interrupting, he will have the reward of a year’s fasting and praying for every step he takes." *The text has bakkara wa 'btakara. Both words mean the same thing and are presumably both used to emphasise the idea of going out early. Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasa’i and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَوْسِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ غَسَّلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَاغْتَسَلَ وَبَكَّرَ وَابْتَكَرَ وَمَشَى وَلَمْ يَرْكَبْ وَدَنَا مِنَ الْإِمَامِ وَاسْتَمَعَ وَلَمْ يَلْغُ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ خُطْوَةٍ عَمَلُ سَنَةٍ: أَجْرُ صِيَامِهَا وَقِيَامِهَا ". رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ
  صَحِيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 1388
In-book reference : Book 4, Hadith 791
Sunan an-Nasa'i 3128
Abu Hurairah said:
"A man came to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and said: 'Tell me of an action that is equal to Jihad.' He said: 'I cannot. When the Mujahid goes out, can you enter the Masjid and stand in prayer and never rest, and fast and never break your fast?' He said: 'Who can do that?'"
أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُحَادَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ ذَكْوَانَ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ يَعْدِلُ الْجِهَادَ قَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ أَجِدُهُ هَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ إِذَا خَرَجَ الْمُجَاهِدُ تَدْخُلُ مَسْجِدًا فَتَقُومُ لاَ تَفْتُرُ وَتَصُومُ لاَ تُفْطِرُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَنْ يَسْتَطِيعُ ذَلِكَ
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3128
In-book reference : Book 25, Hadith 44
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 25, Hadith 3130
Sunan Ibn Majah 1764
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (saw) said:
“A grateful eater is equal to a patient fasting person.”
حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ كَاسِبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَعْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الأُمَوِيِّ، عَنْ مَعْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الأَسْلَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ أَنَّهُ قَالَ ‏ "‏ الطَّاعِمُ الشَّاكِرُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الصَّائِمِ الصَّابِرِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Hasan (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1764
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 127
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1764
Sunan Ibn Majah 1725
It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud said:
“I rarely saw the Messenger of Allah (saw) not fasting on a Friday.”
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ زِرٍّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: قَلَّمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُفْطِرُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ ‏.‏
Grade: Hasan (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1725
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 88
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1725
Sunan Ibn Majah 1721
It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed that:
The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade fasting on the Day of Fitr and the Day of Adha.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْلَى التَّيْمِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ قَزَعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَيَوْمِ الأَضْحَى ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1721
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 84
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1721
Sunan Ibn Majah 1678
It was narrated that ‘Aishah said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saw) applied kohl to his eyes while he was fasting.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو التَّقِيِّ، هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْحِمْصِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، حَدَّثَنَا الزُّبَيْدِيُّ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتِ: اكْتَحَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ ‏.‏
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1678
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 41
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1678
Sunan Ibn Majah 3081
It was narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas that the Prophet (saw) was treated with cupping when he was fasting and in the state of Ihram.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ مُحْرِمٌ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 3081
In-book reference : Book 25, Hadith 200
English translation : Vol. 4, Book 25, Hadith 3081
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2968
Narrated Al-Bara bin 'Azib:
"It was the custom among the Companions of Muhammad (SAW), that if any of them was fasting and the food was presented but he had slept before eating, he would not eat that night, nor the following day until the evening. Qais bin Sirmah Al-Ansari fasted and came to his wife at the time of Iftar, and said to her: 'No, but I will go and bring something for you.' He worked during the day, so his eyes (sleep) overcame him. Then his wife came, and when she saw him she said: 'You shall be disappointed.' About the middle of the next day he fainted. That was mentioned to the Prophet (SAW), so this Ayah was revealed: 'It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your women on the night of the fasts. So they were very happy about that. 'And eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears distinct to you from the black thread (of night). (2:187)'"
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ بْنِ يُونُسَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ صَائِمًا فَحَضَرَ الإِفْطَارُ فَنَامَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ لَيْلَتَهُ وَلاَ يَوْمَهُ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ وَإِنَّ قَيْسَ بْنَ صِرْمَةَ الأَنْصَارِيَّ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلَمَّا حَضَرَهُ الإِفْطَارُ أَتَى امْرَأَتَهُ فَقَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكِ طَعَامٌ قَالَتْ لاَ وَلَكِنْ أَنْطَلِقُ فَأَطْلُبُ لَكَ ‏.‏ وَكَانَ يَوْمَهُ يَعْمَلُ فَغَلَبَتْهُ عَيْنُهُ وَجَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ قَالَتْ خَيْبَةً لَكَ ‏.‏ فَلَمَّا انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ غُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ ‏:‏ ‏‏(‏ أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ ‏)‏ فَفَرِحُوا بِهَا فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا ‏:‏ ‏‏(‏فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ‏)‏‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ ...
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2968
In-book reference : Book 47, Hadith 20
English translation : Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 2968
Sunan Ibn Majah 1762
It was narrated that Abu Sa’eed said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade women from fasting without the permission of their husbands.”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ النِّسَاءَ أَنْ يَصُمْنَ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ ‏.‏
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1762
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 125
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1762
Sahih al-Bukhari 1810

Narrated Salim:

(Abdullah) bin `Umar used to say, "Is not (the following of) the tradition of Allah's Apostle sufficient for you? If anyone of you is prevented from performing Hajj, he should perform the Tawaf of the Ka`ba and between As-Safa and Al-Marwa and then finish the Ihram and everything will become legal for him which was illegal for him (during the state of Ihram) and he can perform Hajj in a following year and he should slaughter a Hadi or fast in case he cannot afford the Hadi."

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمٌ، قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ يَقُولُ أَلَيْسَ حَسْبُكُمْ سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، إِنْ حُبِسَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَنِ الْحَجِّ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَبِالصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ، ثُمَّ حَلَّ مِنْ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ، حَتَّى يَحُجَّ عَامًا قَابِلاً، فَيُهْدِي أَوْ يَصُومُ، إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ هَدْيًا‏.‏ وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَالِمٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، نَحْوَهُ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1810
In-book reference : Book 27, Hadith 5
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 3, Book 28, Hadith 37
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Sahih al-Bukhari 2969

Narrated Anas bin Malik:

Once the people got frightened, so Allah's Apostle rode a slow horse belonging to Abu Talha, and he set out all alone, making the horse gallop. Then the people rode, making their horses gallop after him. On his return he said, "Don't be afraid (there is nothing to be afraid of) (and I have found) this horse a very fast one." That horse was never excelled in running hence forward. (Qastalani Vol. 5)

حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ فَزِعَ النَّاسُ فَرَكِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَرَسًا لأَبِي طَلْحَةَ بَطِيئًا، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَرْكُضُ وَحْدَهُ، فَرَكِبَ النَّاسُ يَرْكُضُونَ خَلْفَهُ، فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لَمْ تُرَاعُوا، إِنَّهُ لَبَحْرٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَمَا سُبِقَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 2969
In-book reference : Book 56, Hadith 178
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 52, Hadith 213
  (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sahih al-Bukhari 3040

Narrated Anas:

Allah's Apostle was the (most handsome), most generous and the bravest of all the people. Once the people of Medina got frightened having heard an uproar at night. So, the Prophet met the people while he was riding an unsaddled horse belonging to Abu Talha and carrying his sword (slung over his shoulder). He said (to them), "Don't get scared, don't get scared." Then he added, "I found it (i.e the horse) very fast."

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَحْسَنَ النَّاسِ، وَأَجْوَدَ النَّاسِ، وَأَشْجَعَ النَّاسِ، قَالَ وَقَدْ فَزِعَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ لَيْلَةً سَمِعُوا صَوْتًا، قَالَ فَتَلَقَّاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى فَرَسٍ لأَبِي طَلْحَةَ عُرْىٍ، وَهُوَ مُتَقَلِّدٌ سَيْفَهُ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لَمْ تُرَاعُوا، لَمْ تُرَاعُوا ‏"‏‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ وَجَدْتُهُ بَحْرًا ‏"‏‏.‏ يَعْنِي الْفَرَسَ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 3040
In-book reference : Book 56, Hadith 246
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 52, Hadith 277
  (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sahih al-Bukhari 7153

Narrated Anas bin Malik:

While the Prophet and I were coming out of the mosque, a man met us outside the gate. The man said, "O Allah's Apostle! When will be the Hour?" The Prophet asked him, "What have you prepared for it?" The man became afraid and ashamed and then said, "O Allah's Apostle! I haven't prepared for it much of fasts, prayers or charitable gifts but I love Allah and His Apostle." The Prophet said, "You will be with the one whom you love."

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا أَنَا وَالنَّبِيُّ، صلى الله عليه وسلم خَارِجَانِ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَقِيَنَا رَجُلٌ عِنْدَ سُدَّةِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ مَا أَعْدَدْتَ لَهَا ‏"‏ فَكَأَنَّ الرَّجُلَ اسْتَكَانَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَعْدَدْتُ لَهَا كَبِيرَ صِيَامٍ وَلاَ صَلاَةٍ وَلاَ صَدَقَةٍ، وَلَكِنِّي أُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ ‏"‏‏.‏
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 7153
In-book reference : Book 93, Hadith 17
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 9, Book 89, Hadith 267
  (deprecated numbering scheme)
Sunan Ibn Majah 1749
It was narrated from Sulaiman bin Buraidah that his father said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to Bilal: ‘Come and eat, O Bilal.’ He said: ‘I am fasting.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘We are eating our provision, but most of Bilal’s provision is in Paradise. Do you realise, O Bilal, that the bones of the fasting person glorify Allah and the angels pray for forgiveness for him so long as food is eaten in front of him?’”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُصَفَّى، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ لِبِلاَلٍ ‏"‏ الْغَدَاءُ يَا بِلاَلُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ ‏ "‏ نَأْكُلُ أَرْزَاقَنَا وَفَضْلُ رِزْقِ بِلاَلٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَشَعَرْتَ يَا بِلاَلُ أَنَّ الصَّائِمَ تُسَبِّحُ عِظَامُهُ وَتَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ مَا أُكِلَ عِنْدَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Maudu’ (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1749
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 112
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1749
Musnad Ahmad 374, 375
It was narrated that Ibn Ya`mar said:
l said to Ibn `Umar. We travel to different countries and we meet people who say there is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn `Umar said: If you meet them, tell them that `Abdullah bin `Umar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him-three times. Then he started narrating Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , there came a man... and he described his appearance, The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer, until his knees were nearly touching [the Prophet (ﷺ)`s] knees. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), tell me what is faith [or about faith]. He said: “To believe in Allah. His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar.` - Sufyan said: I think he said: `... both good and bad.` He said: What is Islam? He said: “To establish prayer, pay zakah, perform pilgrimage to the House, to fast Ramadan and to do ghusl in the case of janabah.` For all of that, he [the stranger] said: You are right, you are right. The people said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) than this man did. It was as if he was teaching the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me about ihsan.He said: “It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him. He sees you.` For all of that we said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) than this man did, he said: You are right, you are right. He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more about it than one who is asking.` He said: You are right. He said it several times, and we never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) than this man did. Then he left. Sufyan said: I heard that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Look for him,” but they did not find him. IIe said: `That was Jihree who came to you to teach you your religion. He never came to me in any form but I recognised him, except for this form.”

It was narrated that Ibn Ya’mar said: I asked Ibn `Umar-or a man asked him: We travel in this land and we meet people who say, There is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn `Umar said: If you meet those people, tell them that ‘Abdullah bin `Umar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him - he said it three times. Then he told us. Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), a man came and said: O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), may I draw closer? He said: `Come closer.` So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), may I come closer? He said: `Come closer.” So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), may I come closer? He said: `Come closer.” So he came a little closer until his knees were almost touching the knees of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), what is faith? - and he mentioned a similar report.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ يَعْمَرَ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّا نُسَافِرُ فِي الْآفَاقِ فَنَلْقَى قَوْمًا يَقُولُونَ لَا قَدَرَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ فَأَخْبِرُوهُمْ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنْهُ بُرَآءُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَذَكَرَ مِنْ هَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا حَتَّى كَادَ رُكْبَتَاهُ تَمَسَّانِ رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ أَوْ عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أُرَاهُ قَالَ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِسْلَامُ قَالَ إِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَغُسْلٌ مِنْ الْجَنَابَةِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ الْقَوْمُ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ هَذَا كَأَنَّهُ يُعَلِّمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ...
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam), Muslim (8)] Sahih (Darussalam) [ like the previous report] (Darussalam)
Reference : Musnad Ahmad 374, 375
In-book reference : Book 2, Hadith 276
Sunan Ibn Majah 1677
It was narrated from ‘Aishah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said:
“One of the best actions of the fasting person is using the tooth stick.”
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْمُؤَدِّبُ، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ ‏ "‏ مِنْ خَيْرِ خِصَالِ الصَّائِمِ السِّوَاكُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1677
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 40
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1677
Sahih Muslim 1400 c

Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to us:

0 young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes (from casting evil glances) and preserves one from immorality; but he who cannot afford It should observe fast for it is a means of controlling the sexual desire.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 1400c
In-book reference : Book 16, Hadith 3
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 8, Hadith 3233
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Sunan Ibn Majah 1707
It was narrated from ‘Abdul-Malik bin Minhal, from his father that:
The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to enjoin fasting the bright days – the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth (when the moon is full). He said: “It is like fasting for a lifetime.”

Another chain from 'Abdul-Malik bin Qatadah bin Malhan Al-Qaisi, from his father, from the Prophet (SAW) with similar wording. Ibn Majah said: Shu'bah erred (in the name of one of the narrators)and Hammam was correct.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ الْمِنْهَالِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِصِيَامِ الْبِيضِ ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ وَيَقُولُ: ‏"‏ هُوَ كَصَوْمِ الدَّهْرِ أَوْ كَهَيْئَةِ صَوْمِ الدَّهْرِ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا حَبَّانُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ بْنِ مِلْحَانَ الْقَيْسِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ: ابْنُ مَاجَهْ أَخْطَأَ شُعْبَةُ وَأَصَابَ ...
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1707
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 70
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1707
Sunan Ibn Majah 1723
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
“The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade fasting on a Friday unless it (is joined to) the day before or the day after.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَحَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلاَّ بِيَوْمٍ قَبْلَهُ، أَوْ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَهُ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1723
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 86
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1723
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 696
Anas bin Malik narrated:
"The Messenger of Allah would break the fast with fresh dates before performing Salat. If there were no fresh dates then (he would break the fast) with dried dates, and if there were no dried dates then he would take a few sips of water."
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ ‏"‏ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُفْطِرُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى رُطَبَاتٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ رُطَبَاتٌ فَتُمَيْرَاتٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تُمَيْرَاتٌ حَسَا حَسَوَاتٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يُفْطِرُ فِي الشِّتَاءِ عَلَى تَمَرَاتٍ وَفِي الصَّيْفِ عَلَى الْمَاءِ ‏.‏
Grade: Hasan (Darussalam)
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 696
In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 15
English translation : Vol. 2, Book 3, Hadith 696
Sunan Ibn Majah 1739
It was narrated from Rabi’ah bin Ghaz that he asked ‘Aishah about the fasting of the Messenger of Allah (saw). She said:
“He used to make sure he fasted on Mondays and Thursdays.”
حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي ثَوْرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْغَازِ، أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ صِيَامِ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَقَالَتْ كَانَ يَتَحَرَّى صِيَامَ الاِثْنَيْنِ وَالْخَمِيسِ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1739
In-book reference : Book 7, Hadith 102
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 1739
Sunan Abi Dawud 2322

Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud:

We kept fast for twenty-nine days along with the Prophet (saws) more often than we kept fast for thirty days.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ لَمَا صُمْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا صُمْنَا مَعَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)  صحيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 2322
In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 10
English translation : Book 13, Hadith 2315
Sunan Abi Dawud 2342

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar:

The people looked for the moon, so I informed the Messenger of Allah (saws) that I had sighted it. He fasted and commanded the people to fast.

حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ، - وَأَنَا لِحَدِيثِهِ، أَتْقَنُ - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ، - هُوَ ابْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ - عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ تَرَاءَى النَّاسُ الْهِلاَلَ فَأَخْبَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ بِصِيَامِهِ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)  صحيح   (الألباني) حكم   :
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 2342
In-book reference : Book 14, Hadith 30
English translation : Book 13, Hadith 2335
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 743
Abu Hurairah narrated that :
the Messenger of Allah said: "None of you should fast on Friday unless he fasts before it, or he fasts after it."
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ لاَ يَصُومُ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَصُومَ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَصُومَ بَعْدَهُ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَجَابِرٍ وَجُنَادَةَ الأَزْدِيِّ وَجُوَيْرِيَةَ وَأَنَسٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَكْرَهُونَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَخْتَصَّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ بِصِيَامٍ لاَ يَصُومُ قَبْلَهُ وَلاَ بَعْدَهُ ‏.‏ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ ‏.‏
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 743
In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 62
English translation : Vol. 2, Book 3, Hadith 743
Sunan an-Nasa'i 2167
It was narrated that Anas said:
"The Messenger of Allah said, at the time of Sahur. 'O Anas, I want to fast, so give me something to eat.' So I brought him some dates and a vessel of water. That was after the Adhan of Bilal. He said: 'O Anas, find a man to come and eat with me.' So I called Zaid bin Thabit, who came and said: "I drank some Sawiq and I want to fast.' The Messenger of Allah said: "I also want to fast.' So he ate Sahr with him, then he got up and prayed two Rak'ahs, then he went out to the prayer."
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَذَلِكَ عِنْدَ السُّحُورِ ‏"‏ يَا أَنَسُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ أَطْعِمْنِي شَيْئًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِتَمْرٍ وَإِنَاءٍ فِيهِ مَاءٌ وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا أَذَّنَ بِلاَلٌ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ يَا أَنَسُ انْظُرْ رَجُلاً يَأْكُلُ مَعِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَدَعَوْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَجَاءَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ شَرِبْتُ شَرْبَةَ سَوِيقٍ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَتَسَحَّرَ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ ‏.‏
Grade: Da'if (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 2167
In-book reference : Book 22, Hadith 78
English translation : Vol. 3, Book 22, Hadith 2169