“We asked ‘Ali about the voluntary (prayer) of Allah’s Messenger (saw) during the day. He said: ‘You will not be able.’ We said: ‘Inform us of it, we will do what we can of it?’ So he said: ‘When he prayed the Fajr he would delay praying any more. When the sun appeared over there (west) – like it appears here, meaning in the direction of the east, about the amount for the ‘Asr prayer from there, meaning in the direction of the west, meaning before the Maghrib – he would stand and perform two Rak’ah* then he would delay praying until the sun appeared over there (west), meaning in the direction of the east, about the amount of the Zuhr prayer from there, then he would stand and perform four. And, four before the Zuhr when the sun passed the zenith, and two Rak’ah after it, and, four before the ‘Asr, separating between every two Rak’ah with Taslim** upon the angels that are close (to Allah), the Prophets, and those who follow them among the Muslims and the believers.’”
'Ali said: "That is sixteen Rak'ah of voluntary prayer which Allah's Messenger (SAW) performed during the day. And there are very few who offer them regularly."
Waki` said: “My father added: Habib bin Abu Thabit said: ‘O Abu Ishaq, this mosque filled with gold would not be dearer to me than this Hadith of yours.’”
* Meaning, when the sun was low above the eastern horizon. That is the time of the Duha.
** Meaning the Tashah-hud.

“When the Messenger of Allah (saw) appointed me as governor of Ta’if, I began to get confused during my prayer, until I no longer knew what I was doing. When I noticed that, I travelled to the Messenger of Allah (saw), and he said: ‘The son of Abul-‘As?’ I said: ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah.’ He said: ‘What brings you here?’ He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I get confused during my prayer, until I do not know what I am doing.’ He said: ‘That is Satan. Come here.’ So I came close to him, and sat upon the front part of my feet then he struck my chest with his hand and put some spittle in my mouth and said: ‘Get out, O enemy of Allah!’ He did that three times, then he said: ‘Get on with your work.’” ‘Uthman said: “Indeed, I never felt confused (during my prayer) after that.”

“I heard him when he was among ten of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (saw), one of whom was Abu Qatadah bin Rib`i, saying: ‘I am the most knowledgeable of you about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (saw). When he stood up for prayer, he stood up straight and raised his hands until they were parallel to his shoulders, then he said: Allahu Akbar. When he wanted to bow in Ruku`, he raised his hands until they were parallel to his shoulders. When he said Sami` Allahu liman hamidah (Allah hears those who praise Him), he raised his hands and stood up straight. When he stood up after two Rak`ah, he said Allahu Akbar and raised his hands until they were parallel to his shoulders, as he did when he started the prayer.’”

“Abu Humaid, Abu Usaid As-Sa’di, Sahl bin Sa’d, and Muhammad bin Maslamah came together and spoke about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (saw). Abu Humaid said: ‘I am the most knowledgeable of you about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (saw). The Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up and said Allahu Akbar, and raised his hands, then he raised them when he said Allahu Akbar for Ruku’, then he stood up and raised his hands, and stood straight until every bone had returned to its place.’”

“What did you hear from the Prophet (saw) about a man when he is performing prayer?” He said: “I heard the Prophet (saw) saying: ‘If anyone of you knew (how great is the sin involved) when he passed in front of his brother who is performing prayer, then waiting for forty’,”
(one of the narrators) said: “I do not know if he meant forty years, forty months, or forty days, ‘would be better for him than that.”

"I heard the Messenger of Allah say: 'Allah does not accept any prayer without purification, and He does not accept any charity from Ghulul.'"

"Adhere to righteousness and it is a blessing if you are able to do so. Know that the best of your deeds is prayer and that no one maintains his ablution except a believer."

"The Prophet was asked about whether a person who is sexually impure can sleep, or eat, or drink. He said: 'yes, if he does ablution as for the prayer.'"

"I heard the Messenger of Allah say: 'Do not let the Bedouin make you change the name of your prayer. It is the 'Isha', and they bring their camels in and milk them at nightfall.'"

"They looked for something by means of which they could call out informing of (the time of) the prayer. Then Bilal was commanded to say the phrases of the Adhan twice and the phrases of the Iqamah once."

“What the Messenger of Allah (SAW) most enjoined when he was dying and breathing his last was: The prayer; and those whom your right hands possess.”

“For the Subh prayer on Fridays, the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to recite ‘Alif-Lam-Mim. The revelation...’ [32:1] and ‘Has there not been over man...’” [76:1]

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that for the Subh prayer on Fridays, the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to recite ‘Alif-Lam-Mim’. The revelation...’[32:1] and ‘Has there not been over man...” [76:1]

“I saw the Prophet (saw) departing to his right and to his left when he finished the prayer.”

It was narrated from Ka’b bin ‘Ujrah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) saw a man who had interlocked his fingers during the prayer, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) separated his fingers.

“Spitting, blowing one’s nose, menstruating and drowsiness during the prayer are from Satan.”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘When anyone of you gets up to perform prayer, then indeed mercy is facing him, so he should not smooth the pebbles.’”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘The covenant that distinguishes between us and them is prayer; so whoever leaves it, he has committed Kufr.’”

“There is nothing standing between a person and Shirk (polytheism) except leaving the prayer, so if he leaves it he has committed Shirk.”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to pray two Rak’ah before the morning (prayer), as if the Adhan were in his ears. (i.e., he would pray them briefly).

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘Whoever purifies himself in his house, then comes to the Quba’ Mosque and offers one prayer therein, will have a reward like that for ‘Umrah.”

“Is anyone of you incapable, when he prays, of stepping forwards or backwards, or to his right or left?” meaning in order to offer a voluntary prayer.

"Aishah may Allah (SWT) be pleased with her, said: ' When the last ten nights of Ramadan began, the Messenger of Allah (SAW) stayed up at night (for prayer) and he woke his family up and tightened his waist-wrap.'"

"I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) say: 'The parable of a Mujahid who strives in the cause of Allah - and Allah knows best who in His cause - is that of one who fasts, prays Qiyam, focuses with proper humility, bows and prostrates.'"

"The Messenger of Allah (SAW) led us in Fajr (morning) prayer, then he turned to us and delivered an eloquent speech". And he mentioned something similar (as no.43)

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'The key to prayer is purification, its opening is to say 'Allahu Akbar' and its closing is to say As-salamu 'alaikum.'"

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Were it not that it would be too difficult for my Ummah (nation), I would have commanded them to use the tooth stick at every time of prayer.'"

"The Prophet was asked about doubts (concerning ablution) during prayer. He said: 'he should not leave until he hears a sound or detects an odor.'"

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) used to lead us in prayer, and he would lengthen the first Rak’ah of the Zuhr and shorten the second Rak’ah, and he would do likewise in the Subh.”

It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud that for the Subh prayer on Fridays, the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to recite “Alif-Lam-Mim. The revelation...” [32:1] and “Has there not been over man..” [76:1]

“Every prayer in which Fatihatil-Kitab (the Opening of the Book) is not recited, it is deficient, it is deficient.”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘When the Imam recites, then listen attentively, and if he is sitting (in the prayer) then the first remembrance that anyone of you recites should be the Tashahhud.’”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: ‘What is between the east and the west is the Qiblah (prayer direction).’”*
*This refers to the Qiblah for the the inhabitants of Al-Madinah. (Makkah is to the exact south of Al-Madinah.)

“When the Messenger of Allah (SAW) went out from this city (Al-Madinah) he did not perform more than two Rak’ah for prayer until he returned.”

“The Prophet of Allah (saw) said: ‘Between every two Adhans there is a prayer.’ He said it three times, and on the third time he said, ‘For those who wish.’”*

It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah (saw) used to recite Qunut in the Subh prayer, and he used to supplicate in it against one of the Arab tribes for a month, then he stopped doing so.

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) did not pray before the ‘Eid prayer, but when he went back to his house he would pray two Rak’ah.”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) sacrificed two rams on the Day of ‘Eid. When he turned them to face towards the prayer direction he said: ‘Verily, I have turned my face towards Him Who has created the heavens and the earth, as a monotheist, and I am not of the polytheists. Verily, my prayer, my sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for Allah, the Lord of all that exists. He has no partner. And of this I have been commanded, and I am the first of the Muslims. [6:79,162-163] O Allah, from You to You, on behalf of Muhammad and his nation.’”

The Messenger of Allah said: "When the Iqamah is called for the prayer, do not come running. Come walking with tranquility. Whatever you catch up with, pray, and whatever you miss, complete it."

“There are people who fast and get nothing from their fast except hunger, and there are those who pray and get nothing from their prayer but a sleepless night.”

“The Messenger of Allah (saw) came out to us one day, wearing a Roman cloak of wool with narrow sleeves. He led us in prayer wearing that, and nothing else.”

“I saw the Prophet (saw) putting his right hand on his right thigh during prayer, and pointing with his finger.”

“I heard the Prophet (saw) say: ‘A time will come when the people will stand for a long time and will not be able to find any Imam to lead them in prayer.”

“When we performed prayer behind the Messenger of Allah (saw) (One of the narrators) Mis’ar said: ‘One of the things we liked, or one of the things I liked’ ‘was to stand to his right.’”

“The Prophet (saw) said: ‘When you perform prayer, do not spit in front of you or to your right, but spit to your left or beneath your feet.’”

“A man came to the Prophet (saw) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! One of us performs prayer in a single garment.’ The Prophet (saw) said: ‘Does everyone have two garments?’”

“The Prophet (saw) offered prayer, I think it was the ‘Asr, and in the second Rak’ah he stood up before he sat. Before he said the Salam, he prostrated twice.”

“When anyone of you performs prayer and commits Hadath, (passing wind) let him take hold of his nose, then leave.” Another chain with similar wording.

“If a child utters a sound (after being born), the funeral prayer should be offered for him and (his relatives) may inherit from him.”

"I was with the Messenger of Allah on a journey, and he said: 'Is there any water?' He performed ablution and wiped over his leather socks, then he joined the army and led them (in prayer)."