Abu Sa'id Khudri reported this hadith through another chain of transmitters but with a slight, variation of wording.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2025b |
| In-book reference | : Book 36, Hadith 152 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 23, Hadith 5021 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been reported on the authority of Abu Mas'ud Ansari through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2036b |
| In-book reference | : Book 36, Hadith 184 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 23, Hadith 5052 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of azid b. Abu Habib with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2075b |
| In-book reference | : Book 37, Hadith 43 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 24, Hadith 5167 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been reported on the authority of Yahya b. Abu Kathir with the same chain of trarnmitteis.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2077b |
| In-book reference | : Book 37, Hadith 50 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 24, Hadith 5174 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith bu been narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'id Khudri through another chain of transmitters.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ خِرَاشٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ، وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، قَالاَ سَمِعْنَاهُ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، . بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ بِشْرِ بْنِ مُفَضَّلٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْلَمَةَ
، .| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2153e |
| In-book reference | : Book 38, Hadith 45 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 25, Hadith 5358 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Yazid b. Abu Habib with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2172b |
| In-book reference | : Book 39, Hadith 29 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 26, Hadith 5401 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Abu Kathir with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2263h |
| In-book reference | : Book 42, Hadith 18 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 29, Hadith 5630 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'id Khudri through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2291b |
| In-book reference | : Book 43, Hadith 32 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 30, Hadith 5683 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'id Khudri through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2382b |
| In-book reference | : Book 44, Hadith 3 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 31, Hadith 5870 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira with a slight variation of wording and there is no word" orphan".
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2527b |
| In-book reference | : Book 44, Hadith 286 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 31, Hadith 6138 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
A hadith like this has been reported on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2601d |
| In-book reference | : Book 45, Hadith 119 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 32, Hadith 6292 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Abu Huraira reported that he (the Holy Prophet) said:
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2634 |
| In-book reference | : Book 45, Hadith 197 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 32, Hadith 6369 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Musa through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2672c |
| In-book reference | : Book 47, Hadith 16 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 34, Hadith 6456 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Musa b. Abu Tamim with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1588e |
| In-book reference | : Book 22, Hadith 109 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 10, Hadith 3858 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1666b |
| In-book reference | : Book 27, Hadith 70 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 15, Hadith 4100 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
The above hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1989b |
| In-book reference | : Book 36, Hadith 35 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 23, Hadith 4909 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain ot transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2302b |
| In-book reference | : Book 43, Hadith 54 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 30, Hadith 5704 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Hassan b. ’Atiyyah through a different chain of narrators. This version add:
Abu Dawud said: But al-Walid has narrated this tradition from Dhu Mikhbar from the Prophet (saws).
Abu Dawud said: Rawh, Yahya bin Hamzah and Bishr bin Bakr has also transmitted it from al-Awza'i as mentioned by 'Isa.
| Grade: | Sahih (Al-Albani) | صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 4293 |
| In-book reference | : Book 39, Hadith 3 |
| English translation | : Book 38, Hadith 4280 |
| Grade: | Sahih (Al-Albani) | صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 1286 |
| In-book reference | : Book 5, Hadith 37 |
| English translation | : Book 5, Hadith 1281 |
Abu Qatadah said:
Abu Dawud said: Musaddad did not mention the words fatihat al-kitab and surah.
| Grade: | Sahih (Al-Albani) | صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 798 |
| In-book reference | : Book 2, Hadith 408 |
| English translation | : Book 2, Hadith 797 |
Narrated Umayr, client of AbulLahm:
I was present at Khaybar along with my masters who spoke about me to the Messenger of Allah (saws). He ordered about me, and a sword was girded on me and I was trailing it. He was then informed that I was a slave. He, therefore, ordered that I should be given some inferior goods.
Abu Dawud said: This means that he (the Prophet) did not allot a portion of the spoils.
Abu Dawud said: Abu 'Ubaid said: As he (the narrator Abi al-Lahm) made eating meat unlawful on himself, he was called Abi al-Lahm (one who hates meat).
| Grade: | Sahih (Al-Albani) | صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 2730 |
| In-book reference | : Book 15, Hadith 254 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 2724 |
The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Salman through a different chain of narrators. This version goes:
Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by Hammad b. Salamah, from Abu al-Awwam from Abu uthman, from the Prophet (may peace be upon him). He did not mention salman (i.e., the companions).
| Grade: | Da'if (Al-Albani) | ضعيف (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 3814 |
| In-book reference | : Book 28, Hadith 79 |
| English translation | : Book 27, Hadith 3805 |
The Messenger of Allah(may peace be upon him) as saying: "If one who passes in front of a man who is praying knew the responsibility he incurs, he would prefer to stand still for forty. . . rather than pass in front of him. Abu al-Nadr said: I do not know whether he said forty days, or months, or years."
Abu Dawud: Sufyan al-Thawri said: If a man passes proudly in front of me while I am praying, I shall stop him, and if a weak man passes, I shall not stop him.
| Grade: | Sahih (Al-Albani) | صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 701 |
| In-book reference | : Book 2, Hadith 311 |
| English translation | : Book 2, Hadith 701 |
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
We went with Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) to the blacksmith Abu Saif, and he was the husband of the wet-nurse of Ibrahim (the son of the Prophet). Allah's Apostle took Ibrahim and kissed him and smelled him and later we entered Abu Saif's house and at that time Ibrahim was in his last breaths, and the eyes of Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) started shedding tears. `Abdur Rahman bin `Auf said, "O Allah's Apostle, even you are weeping!" He said, "O Ibn `Auf, this is mercy." Then he wept more and said, "The eyes are shedding tears and the heart is grieved, and we will not say except what pleases our Lord, O Ibrahim ! Indeed we are grieved by your separation."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 1303 |
| In-book reference | : Book 23, Hadith 61 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 2, Book 23, Hadith 390 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Az-Zuhri:
Anas bin Malik said, that once a domestic sheep was milked for Allah's Apostle while he was in the house of Anas bin Malik. The milk was mixed with water drawn from the well in Anas's house. A tumbler of it was presented to Allah's Apostle who drank from it. Then Abu Bakr was sitting on his left side and a bedouin on his right side. When the Prophet removed the tumbler from his mouth, `Umar was afraid that the Prophet might give it to the bedouin, so he said. "O Allah's Apostle! Give it to Abu Bakr who is sitting by your side." But the Prophet gave it to the bedouin, who was to his right and said, "You should start with the one on your right side."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 2352 |
| In-book reference | : Book 42, Hadith 2 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 3, Book 40, Hadith 542 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b:
That Ka`b bin Malik told him that in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle he demanded his debt from Ibn Abu Hadrad in the Mosque. Their voices grew louder till Allah's Apostle heard them while he was in his house. So he lifted the curtain of his room and called Ka`b bin Malik saying, "O Ka`b!" He replied, "Labbaik! O Allah's Apostle!" He beckoned to him with his hand suggesting that he deduct half the debt. Ka`b said, "I agree, O Allah's Apostle!" Allah's Apostle then said (to Ibn Abu Hadrad), "Get up and pay him the rest."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 2710 |
| In-book reference | : Book 53, Hadith 20 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 3, Book 49, Hadith 873 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrate Aisha:
Abu Bakr married a woman from the tribe of Bani Kalb, called Um Bakr. When Abu Bakr migrated to Medina, he divorced her and she was married by her cousin, the poet who said the following poem lamenting the infidels of Quraish: "What is there kept in the well, The well of Badr, (The owners of) the trays of Roasted camel humps? What is there kept in the well, The well of Badr, (The owners of) lady singers And friends of the honorable companions; who used to drink (wine) together, Um Bakr greets us With the greeting of peace, But can I find peace After my people have gone? The Apostle tells us that We shall live again, But what sort of life will owls and skulls live?:
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 3921 |
| In-book reference | : Book 63, Hadith 146 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 5, Book 58, Hadith 258 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Humaid bin Nafi`:
Zainab bint Abu Salama told me these three narrations: Zainab said: I went to Um Habiba, the wife of the Prophet when her father, Abu- Sufyan bin Herb had died. Um ,Habiba asked for a perfume which contained yellow scent (Khaluq) or some other scent, and she first perfumed one of the girls with it and then rubbed her cheeks with it and said, "By Allah, I am not in need of perfume, but I have heard Allah's Apostle saying, 'It is not lawful for a lady who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person for more than three days unless he is her husband for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days.'"
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 5334 |
| In-book reference | : Book 68, Hadith 79 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 7, Book 63, Hadith 251 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
Allah's Apostle said, "While I was sleeping, I saw that a cup full of milk was brought to me and I drank my fill till I noticed (the milk) its wetness coming out of my nails. Then I gave the remaining milk to `Umar Ibn Al-Khattab" The companions of the Prophet asked, "What have you interpreted (about this dream)? "O Allah's Apostle ,!" he replied, "(It is religious) knowledge."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 82 |
| In-book reference | : Book 3, Hadith 24 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 1, Book 3, Hadith 82 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Salman-Al-Farsi:
The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 883 |
| In-book reference | : Book 11, Hadith 8 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 8 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Salman Al-Farsi:
Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "Anyone who takes a bath on Friday and cleans himself as much as he can and puts oil (on his hair) or scents himself; and then proceeds for the prayer and does not force his way between two persons (assembled in the mosque for the Friday prayer), and prays as much as is written for him and remains quiet when the Imam delivers the Khutba, all his sins in between the present and the last Friday will be forgiven."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 910 |
| In-book reference | : Book 11, Hadith 34 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 2, Book 13, Hadith 33 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Zaid bin Jubair:
I went to visit `Abdullah bin `Umar at his house which contained many tents made of cotton cloth and these were encircled with Suradik (part of the tent). I asked him from where, should one assume Ihram for Umra. He said, "Allah's Apostle had fixed as Miqat (singular of Mawaqit) Qarn for the people of Najd, Dhul-Hulaifa for the people of Medina, and Al-Juhfa for the people of Sham."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 1522 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 10 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 2, Book 26, Hadith 597 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
Allah's Apostle said, "Do not sell fruits of dates until they become free from all the dangers of being spoilt or blighted; and do not sell fresh dates for dry dates." Narrated Salim and `Abdullah from Zaid bin Habit' "Later on Allah's Apostle permitted the selling of ripe fruits on trees for fresh dates or dried dates in Bai'-al-'Araya, and did not allow it for any other kind of sale."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 2183, 2184 |
| In-book reference | : Book 34, Hadith 131 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 3, Book 34, Hadith 389 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Umar bin Al-Khattab:
I gave a horse in Allah's Cause. The person to whom it was given, did not look after it. I intended to buy it from him, thinking that he would sell it cheap. When I asked the Prophet he said, "Don't buy it, even if he gives it to you for one Dirham, as the person who takes back what he has given in charity, is like a dog that swallows back its vomit."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 2623 |
| In-book reference | : Book 51, Hadith 55 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 3, Book 47, Hadith 792 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
That the mother of Sa`d bin Ubada the brother of Bani Saida died in Sa`d's absence, so he came to the Prophet saying, "O Allah's Apostle! My mother died in my absence, will it benefit her if I give in charity on her behalf?" The Prophet said, "Yes." Sa`d said, "I take you as my witness that I give my garden Al-Makhraf in charity on her behalf."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 2762 |
| In-book reference | : Book 55, Hadith 25 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 4, Book 51, Hadith 24 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Abdullah:
Once we were in the company of Allah's Apostle in a cave. Surat-al-Mursalat (77) was revealed there, and we were learning it from Allah's Apostle . Suddenly a snake came out of its hole and we rushed towards it to kill it, but it hastened and entered its hole before we were able to catch it. Allah's Apostle said," It has been saved from your evil and you have been saved from its evil."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 3317 |
| In-book reference | : Book 59, Hadith 123 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 4, Book 54, Hadith 534 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
The people landed at the land of Thamud called Al-Hijr along with Allah's Apostle and they took water from its well for drinking and kneading the dough with it as well. (When Allah's Apostle heard about it) he ordered them to pour out the water they had taken from its wells and feed the camels with the dough, and ordered them to take water from the well whence the she-camel (of Prophet Salih) used to drink.
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 3379 |
| In-book reference | : Book 60, Hadith 53 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 4, Book 55, Hadith 562 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Urwa:
On the day of the battle of Al-Yarmuk, the companions of the Prophet said to Az-Zubair, "Will you attack the enemy vigorously so that we may attack them along with you?" So Az-Zubair attacked them, and they inflicted two wounds over his shoulder, and in between these two wounds there was an old scar he had received on the day of the battle of Badr When I was a child, I used to insert my fingers into those scars in play.
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 3721 |
| In-book reference | : Book 62, Hadith 69 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 5, Book 57, Hadith 67 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet had informed the people about the death of Zaid, Ja`far and Ibn Rawaha before the news of their death reached them. He said with his eyes flowing with tears, "Zaid took the flag and was martyred; then Ja`far took the flag and was martyred, and then Ibn Rawaha took the flag and was martyred. Finally the flag was taken by one of Allah's Swords (i.e. Khalid bin Al-Walid) and Allah gave them (i.e. the Muslims) victory."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 3757 |
| In-book reference | : Book 62, Hadith 103 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 5, Book 57, Hadith 102 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Ka`b bin Ujra:
The Prophet came to me at the time of Al-Hudaibiya Pledge while lice were falling on my face. He said, "Are the lice of your head troubling you?" I said, "Yes." He said, "Shave your head and fast for three days, or feed six poor persons, or slaughter a sheep as sacrifice." (The sub-narrator, Aiyub said, "I do not know with which of these three options he started.")
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 4190 |
| In-book reference | : Book 64, Hadith 230 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 5, Book 59, Hadith 503 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
While some people were offering Fajr prayer at Quba' (mosque), some-one came to them and said, "Tonight some Qur'anic Verses have been revealed to the Prophet and he has been ordered to face the Ka`ba (at Mecca) (during prayers), so you too should turn your faces towards it." At that time their faces were towards Sham (Jerusalem) so they turned towards the Ka`ba (at Mecca).
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 4491 |
| In-book reference | : Book 65, Hadith 18 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 18 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet sent a Sariya (an army detachment) consisting of men called Al-Qurra', and all of them were martyred. I had never seen the Prophet so sad over anything as he was over them. So he said Qunut (invocation in the prayer) for one month in the Fajr prayer, invoking for Allah's wrath upon the tribe of 'Usaiya, and he used to say, "The people of 'Usaiya have disobeyed Allah and His Apostle."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 6394 |
| In-book reference | : Book 80, Hadith 89 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 8, Book 75, Hadith 403 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
Allah's Apostle said, "While I was sleeping, I was given a bowl full of milk (in the dream) and I drank from it (to my fill) till I noticed its wetness coming out of my limbs. Then I gave the rest of it to `Umar bin Al-Khattab." The persons sitting around him, asked, "What have you interpreted (about the dream) O Allah's Apostle?" He said, "(It is religious) knowledge."
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 7007 |
| In-book reference | : Book 91, Hadith 25 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 9, Book 87, Hadith 135 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
Allah's Apostle said: (I saw in a dream that) I entered Paradise, and behold, there was a palace built of gold! I asked, 'For whom is this palace?' They (the angels) replied, 'For a man from the Quraish.' " The Prophet added, "O Ibn Al-Khattab! Nothing stopped me from entering it except your Ghira." `Umar said, "How dare I think of my Ghira being offended by you, O Allah's Apostle?"
| Reference | : Sahih al-Bukhari 7024 |
| In-book reference | : Book 91, Hadith 41 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Vol. 9, Book 87, Hadith 151 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
| Grade: | Sahih (Darussalam) |
| Reference | : Sunan an-Nasa'i 978 |
| In-book reference | : Book 11, Hadith 103 |
| English translation | : Vol. 2, Book 11, Hadith 979 |
| Grade: | Sahih (Darussalam) |
| Reference | : Sunan an-Nasa'i 5606 |
| In-book reference | : Book 51, Hadith 68 |
| English translation | : Vol. 6, Book 51, Hadith 5609 |
| Grade: | Sahih (Darussalam) |
| Reference | : Sunan an-Nasa'i 827 |
| In-book reference | : Book 10, Hadith 51 |
| English translation | : Vol. 1, Book 10, Hadith 828 |
'Abdullah b. Abu Qatada reported on the authority of his father (Allah be pleased with him) that they went out with the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and they were Muhrim except Abu Qatada. The rest of the hadith Is the same (but with the exception of these words):
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1196h |
| In-book reference | : Book 15, Hadith 68 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 7, Hadith 2714 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Muhammad b. Ibrahim said that Abu Salama reported to him that there was between him and his people dispute over a piece of land, and he came to 'A'isha and mentioned that to her, whereupon she said:
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1612a |
| In-book reference | : Book 22, Hadith 176 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 10, Hadith 3925 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |
Abu Bakr Siddiq reported:
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2009a |
| In-book reference | : Book 36, Hadith 112 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 23, Hadith 4983 |
| (deprecated numbering scheme) |