كتاب السلام
39  
The Book of Greetings
(4)
Chapter: The Prohibition Of Initiating The Greeting With The People Of The Book, And How To Respond To Them
(4)
باب النَّهْىِ عَنِ ابْتِدَاءِ، أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ بِالسَّلاَمِ وَكَيْفَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ ‏‏
Sahih Muslim 2165 d

This hadith has been reported on the authority of A'znash with a slight variation of wording. 'A'isha understood their meaning and cursed them and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said:

'A'isha. (do not do that) for Allah does not like the use of harsh words, and it was at this stage that this verse of Allah. the Exalt. ed and Glorious. was revealed:" And when they come to thee, they greet thee with a greeting with which Allah greets thee not" (Iviii. 8) to the end of the verse.
حَدَّثَنَاهُ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَفَطِنَتْ بِهِمْ عَائِشَةُ فَسَبَّتْهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ مَهْ يَا عَائِشَةُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُحِبُّ الْفُحْشَ وَالتَّفَحُّشَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَزَادَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ‏{‏ وَإِذَا جَاءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اللَّهُ‏}‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ ‏.‏
Reference : Sahih Muslim 2165d
In-book reference : Book 39, Hadith 14
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 26, Hadith 5387
  (deprecated numbering scheme)