المقدمة
Introduction
This book contains the introductory remarks of Imam Muslim placed at the beginning of his collection. It contains a number of narrations, most of which are not hadith and which may not all meet the strict standards of authenticity required of all hadith in the Sahih.
In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Beneficent - All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and the [praiseworthy] end is for those who fear Him; and may Allah send blessings upon Muhammad, seal of the Prophets, and upon all the Prophets and Messengers. As for what follows: Indeed you mentioned, may Allah have mercy on you, by the guidance of your Creator, that you were interested in an examination of what is known of all the transmitted reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, regarding traditions of the Dīn, its rulings, and everything from it regarding rewards, punishments, motivations, admonishments, and other descriptive topics through chains of narration which were related by and circulated between Ahl ul-Ilm. Thus you wished, may Allah guide you aright, to be informed about all of [the transmitted reports] in the form of a calculated composition and you asked me to abridge [it] for you in writing without a great amount of repetition. You allege that [much repetition] would distract you from what you intended in terms of understanding and deriving rulings from [the reports]. And because of that which you have asked, may Allah be generous with you, when I am attributed to its successful management and whatever condition can be construed by it, if Allah wills, (it will lead to) a praiseworthy ending and obtainable benefit. I thought at the time you asked me to undertake that [task]- if it was determined for me to do so, and preordained for me to complete it- that the first to benefit from that would be me specifically before anyone else and this is due to a great number of reasons which are too lengthy to describe except [to say] that in summary, having precision regarding a select few [narrations], and accuracy in them, is easier for a person than to undertake of a great number of them, and especially for one who is indistinguishable in it from the common people [in this matter] unless someone else informs him of the distinction. If the matter is just as we described, then focusing on the few authentic narrations is worthier for them than seeking an abundance of weak narrations. Although indeed it is hoped for that some benefit is attained by seeking after a large number [of Ḥadīth] of this type, and gathering the repetitions for them, but only for the elite who are endowed with some awareness and knowledge in their means [of ascertaining authenticity] and defects. Thus that, if Allah wills, will happen through whatever will be brought to bear of that [awareness, distinction, knowledge of the means, and defects] on the advantage in seeking large numbers of [the various categories of Ḥadīth]. And as for the common people who are different from the elite in terms of awareness and knowledge, then it is senseless for them to seek large numbers [of various categories of Ḥadīth], while they are unaware of the few [Sahīh]. Then we, if Allah wills, will begin to extract and compose what you have asked upon conditions which we shall mention to you. We set ourselves upon the entirety of what is transmitted from the reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him. Then we divided it up into three sections and three levels of people without repetition except: 1) When coming to a point where it was essential to repeat a narration in which there is an addition that clarifies the meaning of the first one; or
2) When there is a second chain that supports the first one in some hidden defect present since the additional significance in the second Ḥadīth assumes the position of a complete Ḥadīth. Repeating narrations which have the kind of ‘addition’ we described is inevitable [since it eliminates the perceived hidden defect of the first narration]; or that significance [of the addition] is separated from the entire narration by abbreviating it when it is possible [to understand the significance from a small part of the narration], however separating the relevant part of the narration from the rest might make it difficult to understand the link between them, so repeating it in its original form when that proves difficult is safest. Thus when we find that it is avoidable to repeat the narrations in their entirety we take care not to do so, if Allah wills. As for the first category, we aspired to advance the report which is safer from defects than any others, and is purified due to being related by people of integrity in Ḥadīth, and certitude for what they relate; there are no strong disputes found [compared to the reports of other Thiqāt] regarding their transmissions, and no excessive inconsistencies [in their own reports] - just as is the case regarding a great number of Muhaddithīn and which appears in their narrations. Thus when we examined reports of this description from the people, we also came across reports in whose chains there fell some of those who are not described with memorization and precision, like those of the previous description before them. Although they fell below what we described [from the first group], they still have the designation of protection [from ill-repute] and truthfulness; and they acquired knowledge, included among them are the likes of Atā’ bin is-Sā’ib, and Yazīd bin Abī Ziyād, and Layth bin Abī Sulaym, from among the carriers of Āthār and the relaters of Akhbār. So even though they possessed what we described of knowledge, protection and being known as scholars among Ahl ul-Ilm, their contemporaries who we mentioned as precise and sound in transmission were above them in status and rank because this [the first category] is a high rank and sublime characteristic according to Ahl ul-Ilm. Do you not see that when you weigh these three people we mentioned- Atā’, Yazīd, and Layth- with Mansūr bin il-Mu’tamir, Sulaymān al-A’mash and Ismā’īl bin Abī Khālid in regards to precision in Ḥadīth and soundness in it, you will find them distinct from others and not near them [in rank?]- there is no doubt regarding that among the people knowledgeable in Ḥadīth since the soundness of the memorization of Mansūr, al-A’mash, and Ismā’īl, and their precision in Ḥadīth was well-known among [the people knowledgeable in Ḥadīth] and they were not aware of examples of that from Atā’, Yazīd, and Layth. Upon the same course as the above, when you weigh between the two levels like Ibn Awn and Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī with Awf ibn Abī Jamīlah and Ash’ath al-Humrānī- and all 4 are companions of al-Hasan and Ibn Sīrīn- there is disparity between the two groups. Between these two groups is a distance in terms of perfection of virtue and soundness of reporting even though Awf and Ash’ath are not repelled from [the status] of truthfulness and honesty according to Ahl ul-Ilm, rather the situation is as we described regarding their position. We only mentioned these examples by way of naming them specifically so that their examples might be an indication for whoever is ignorant of the path to return to understanding of Ahl ul-Ilm regarding the ranking of its people. Thus there is no shortchanging the men of elevated rank any amount of what is due his level, and there is no elevation of those who are lower any amount of knowledge above his position- and each who possesses the right is given his right and is settled in his rank. It has been mentioned on authority of Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that she said: ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, ordered us to afford people their (rightful) positions according to what the Qur’ān states: {And above all who possess knowledge is another who is knowledgeable}[Yūsuf: 76] . Thus based on the example of what we mentioned [regarding the narrators of Hifẓ and Itqān, and narrations which lack excessive inconsistency or strong contradiction], we compiled what you asked for of [those kind] of reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him. As for anything of that wherein the people were charged [with some criticism] by the people of Ḥadīth, or by the majority of [the people of Ḥadīth], then we did not preoccupy ourselves with bringing forward their narrations, such as Abd Allah ibn Miswar Abī Ja’far il-Madā’inī, Amr bin Khālid, Abd il-Quddūs ash-Shāmī, Muhammad ibn Sa’īd il-Maslūb, Ghiyāth ibn Ibrāhīm, Sulaymān bin Amr Abī Dāwud an-Nakha’ī, and those like them whereof they were accused of fabricating narrations and manufacturing reports; and like that are those whose narrations are dominated with Munkar, or mistakes- we withheld from their narrations as well. An indication of Munkar in the narration of a Muhaddith is when his transmission differs with the transmission of a Muhaddith from the people of memorization and acceptance, or does not agree with it when the two are compared. When the majority of a person’s narrations are like that, he is abandoned [Mahjūr] in Ḥadīth, and not accepted in it, and his narrations are not acted upon. The following are those Muhaddithīn who are among this group: Abd Allah ibn Muharrar, Yahyā bin Abī Unaysah, Al-Jarrāh bin ul-Minhāl Abūl-Atūf, Abbād bin Kathīr, Husayn bin Abd Illah ibn Ḍumayrah, Umar bin Suhbān, and those of the same type in terms of transmission of Munkar Ḥadīth. We did not pause upon their narrations or preoccupy ourselves with them due to the ruling of Ahl ul-Ilm. That which we are aware of from their school of thought in accepting what is singularly reported by a Muhaddith from the narrations is that (the Muhaddith) took part along with the trustworthy narrators from Ahl ul-Ilm wal-Hifẓ in transmitting some of what they transmitted, and [the Muhaddith] is predominantly in agreement with them; when one is found like that, then if he adds to [the transmission] anything not found with his companions, then his addition is accepted. As for those who you see resorting to the likes of az-Zuhrī due to his greatness, and due to the great number of his companions being among the precise Huffāẓ, [resorting to] his Ḥadīth and the Ḥadīth of those like him, or to the likes of Hishām ibn Urwah, then their Ḥadīth are extensively shared among Ahl ul-Ilm. The greater majority of their companions related their Ḥadīth in agreement with one another [with few having contradictions]. Thus to transmit from [Urwah and az-Zuhrī], or one of them, from among the multitude of Ḥadīth, what is not known among any of their companions, and [the Rāwī] is not of those who share in the Sahīh narrations [found] among them, then it is not allowed to accept the narrations of this category of people, and Allah knows best. We have explained from the school of Ḥadīth and its people some of what those who wish to traverse the path of [the Muhaddithīn] should aim for, and be guided towards. We will, if Allah wills, add to the explanation and clarification in another place in this book upon the mention of defective reports [Mu’allalah] when we come to it, in the places where explanation and clarification are appropriate, if Allah wills. And what follows: May Allah have mercy on you, if not for that which we saw of an evil act, largely from those who claim to be Muhaddithīn, in what they were supposed to adhere to when putting forward weak narrations and abominable transmissions and their neglect for the investigation of famous Sahīh narrations related by the trustworthy narrators, well-known for their truthfulness and honesty, after knowledge of them and affirmation with their tongues, that a great many of [weak and abominable narrations] which were cast towards heedless people are denounced and spoken of as not acceptable whereof the A’immah of the people of Ḥadīth criticized their transmissions- A’immah like Mālik ibn Anas, Shu’bat bin al-Hajjāj, Sufyān bin Uyaynah, Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, Abd ir-Rahman ibn Mahdī, and other A’immah- then the establishment of what you asked for of distinction [between the types of Ḥadīth] and collection [of those which were Sahīh] would be easy for us. However on account of what we informed you of regarding the people’s circulation of abominable reports with weak, unknown chains, and their casting them towards the common people who are not aware of their defects, responding to what you asked became lighter upon our hearts.
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ خَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَعَلَى جَمِيعِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ. أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّكَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ بِتَوْفِيقِ خَالِقِكَ ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ هَمَمْتَ بِالْفَحْصِ عَنْ تَعَرُّفِ جُمْلَةِ الأَخْبَارِ الْمَأْثُورَةِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سُنَنِ الدِّينِ وَأَحْكَامِهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهَا فِي الثَّوَابِ وَالْعِقَابِ وَالتَّرْغِيبِ وَالتَّرْهِيبِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ صُنُوفِ الأَشْيَاءِ بِالأَسَانِيدِ الَّتِي بِهَا نُقِلَتْ وَتَدَاوَلَهَا أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَرَدْتَ- أَرْشَدَكَ اللَّهُ- أَنْ تُوَقَّفَ عَلَى جُمْلَتِهَا مُؤَلَّفَةً مُحْصَاةً وَسَأَلْتَنِي أَنْ أُلَخِّصَهَا لَكَ فِي التَّأْلِيفِ بِلاَ تَكْرَارٍ يَكْثُرُ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ- زَعَمْتَ- مِمَّا يَشْغَلُكَ عَمَّا لَهُ قَصَدْتَ مِنَ التَّفَهُّمِ فِيهَا وَالاِسْتِنْبَاطِ مِنْهَا. وَلِلَّذِي سَأَلْتَ- أَكْرَمَكَ اللَّهُ- حِينَ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى تَدَبُّرِهِ وَمَا تَؤُولُ بِهِ الْحَالُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَاقِبَةٌ مَحْمُودَةٌ وَمَنْفَعَةٌ مَوْجُودَةٌ وَظَنَنْتُ- حِينَ سَأَلْتَنِي تَجَشُّمَ ذَلِكَ- أَنْ لَوْ عُزِمَ لِي عَلَيْهِ وَقُضِيَ لِي تَمَامُهُ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ يُصِيبُهُ نَفْعُ ذَلِكَ إِيَّايَ خَاصَّةً قَبْلَ غَيْرِي مِنَ النَّاسِ لأَسْبَابٍ كَثِيرَةٍ يَطُولُ بِذِكْرِهَا الْوَصْفُ إِلاَّ أَنَّ جُمْلَةَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ ضَبْطَ الْقَلِيلِ مِنْ هَذَا الشَّانِ وَإِتْقَانَهُ أَيْسَرُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ مُعَالَجَةِ الْكَثِيرِ مِنْهُ. ولاسيما عِنْدَ مَنْ لاَ تَمْيِيزَ عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَوَامِّ إِلاَّ بِأَنْ يُوَقِّفَهُ عَلَى التَّمْيِيزِ غَيْرُهُ. فَإِذَا كَانَ الأَمْرُ فِي هَذَا كَمَا وَصَفْنَا فَالْقَصْدُ مِنْهُ إِلَى الصَّحِيحِ الْقَلِيلِ أَوْلَى بِهِمْ مِنَ ازْدِيَادِ السَّقِيمِ وَإِنَّمَا يُرْجَى بَعْضُ الْمَنْفَعَةِ فِي الاِسْتِكْثَارِ مِنْ هَذَا الشَّانِ وَجَمْعِ الْمُكَرَّرَاتِ مِنْهُ لِخَاصَّةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ مِمَّنْ رُزِقَ فِيهِ بَعْضَ التَّيَقُّظِ وَالْمَعْرِفَةِ بِأَسْبَابِهِ وَعِلَلِهِ فَذَلِكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ يَهْجُمُ بِمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْفَائِدَةِ فِي الاِسْتِكْثَارِ مِنْ جَمْعِهِ. فَأَمَّا عَوَامُّ النَّاسِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ بِخِلاَفِ مَعَانِي الْخَاصِّ مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّيَقُّظِ وَالْمَعْرِفَةِ فَلاَ مَعْنَى لَهُمْ فِي طَلَبِ الْكَثِيرِ وَقَدْ عَجَزُوا عَنْ مَعْرِفَةِ الْقَلِيلِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مُبْتَدِئُونَ فِي تَخْرِيجِ مَا سَأَلْتَ وَتَأْلِيفِهِ عَلَى شَرِيطَةٍ سَوْفَ أَذْكُرُهَا لَكَ وَهُوَ إِنَّا نَعْمِدُ إِلَى جُمْلَةِ مَا أُسْنِدَ مِنَ الأَخْبَارِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَقْسِمُهَا عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَقْسَامٍ وَثَلاَثِ طَبَقَاتٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَكْرَارٍ. إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مَوْضِعٌ لاَ يُسْتَغْنَى فِيهِ عَنْ تَرْدَادِ حَدِيثٍ فِيهِ زِيَادَةُ مَعْنًى أَوْ إِسْنَادٌ يَقَعُ إِلَى جَنْبِ إِسْنَادٍ لِعِلَّةٍ تَكُونُ هُنَاكَ لأَنَّ الْمَعْنَى الزَّائِدَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْمُحْتَاجَ إِلَيْهِ يَقُومُ مَقَامَ حَدِيثٍ تَامٍّ فلابد مِنْ إِعَادَةِ الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي فِيهِ مَا وَصَفْنَا مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ أَوْ أَنْ يُفَصَّلَ ذَلِكَ الْمَعْنَى مِنْ جُمْلَةِ الْحَدِيثِ عَلَى اخْتِصَارِهِ إِذَا أَمْكَنَ. وَلَكِنْ تَفْصِيلُهُ رُبَّمَا عَسُرَ مِنْ جُمْلَتِهِ فَإِعَادَتُهُ بِهَيْئَتِهِ إِذَا ضَاقَ ذَلِكَ أَسْلَمُ فَأَمَّا مَا وَجَدْنَا بُدًّا مِنْ إِعَادَتِهِ بِجُمْلَتِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ مِنَّا إِلَيْهِ فَلاَ نَتَوَلَّى فِعْلَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. فَأَمَّا الْقِسْمُ الأَوَّلُ فَإِنَّا نَتَوَخَّى أَنْ نُقَدِّمَ الأَخْبَارَ الَّتِي هِيَ أَسْلَمُ مِنَ الْعُيُوبِ مِنْ غَيْرِهَا وَأَنْقَى مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ نَاقِلُوهَا أَهْلَ اسْتِقَامَةٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَإِتْقَانٍ لِمَا نَقَلُوا لَمْ يُوجَدْ فِي رِوَايَتِهِمِ اخْتِلاَفٌ شَدِيدٌ وَلاَ تَخْلِيطٌ فَاحِشٌ كَمَا قَدْ عُثِرَ فِيهِ عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ وَبَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِهِمْ. فَإِذَا نَحْنُ تَقَصَّيْنَا أَخْبَارَ هَذَا الصِّنْفِ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَتْبَعْنَاهَا أَخْبَارًا يَقَعُ فِي أَسَانِيدِهَا بَعْضُ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِالْمَوْصُوفِ بِالْحِفْظِ وَالإِتْقَانِ كَالصِّنْفِ الْمُقَدَّمِ قَبْلَهُمْ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانُوا فِيمَا وَصَفْنَا دُونَهُمْ فَإِنَّ اسْمَ السِّتْرِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَتَعَاطِي الْعِلْمِ يَشْمَلُهُمْ كَعَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ وَيَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ وَلَيْثِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ وَأَضْرَابِهِمْ مِنْ حُمَّالِ الآثَارِ وَنُقَّالِ الأَخْبَارِ. فَهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانُوا بِمَا وَصَفْنَا مِنَ الْعِلْمِ وَالسِّتْرِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مَعْرُوفِينَ فَغَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ أَقْرَانِهِمْ مِمَّنْ عِنْدَهُمْ مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الإِتْقَانِ وَالاِسْتِقَامَةِ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ يَفْضُلُونَهُمْ فِي الْحَالِ وَالْمَرْتَبَةِ لأَنَّ هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ دَرَجَةٌ رَفِيعَةٌ وَخَصْلَةٌ سَنِيَّةٌ. أَلاَ تَرَى أَنَّكَ إِذَا وَازَنْتَ هَؤُلاَءِ الثَّلاَثَةَ الَّذِينَ سَمَّيْنَاهُمْ عَطَاءً وَيَزِيدَ وَلَيْثًا بِمَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ وَسُلَيْمَانَ الأَعْمَشِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ فِي إِتْقَانِ الْحَدِيثِ وَالاِسْتِقَامَةِ فِيهِ وَجَدْتَهُمْ مُبَايِنِينَ لَهُمْ لاَ يُدَانُونَهُمْ لاَ شَكَّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ فِي ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِي اسْتَفَاضَ عِنْدَهُمْ مِنْ صِحَّةِ حِفْظِ مَنْصُورٍ وَالأَعْمَشِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِتْقَانِهِمْ لِحَدِيثِهِمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عَطَاءٍ وَيَزِيدَ وَلَيْثٍ. وَفِي مِثْلِ مَجْرَى هَؤُلاَءِ إِذَا وَازَنْتَ بَيْنَ الأَقْرَانِ كَابْنِ عَوْنٍ وَأَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ مَعَ عَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ وَأَشْعَثَ الْحُمْرَانِيِّ وَهُمَا صَاحِبَا الْحَسَنِ وَابْنِ سِيرِينَ كَمَا أَنَّ ابْنَ عَوْنٍ وَأَيُّوبَ صَاحِبَاهُمَا إِلاَّ أَنَّ الْبَوْنَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَبَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ بَعِيدٌ فِي كَمَالِ الْفَضْلِ وَصِحَّةِ النَّقْلِ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَوْفٌ وَأَشْعَثُ غَيْرَ مَدْفُوعَيْنِ عَنْ صِدْقٍ وَأَمَانَةٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَلَكِنَّ الْحَالَ مَا وَصَفْنَا مِنَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. وَإِنَّمَا مَثَّلْنَا هَؤُلاَءِ فِي التَّسْمِيَةِ لِيَكُونَ تَمْثِيلُهُمْ سِمَةً يَصْدُرُ عَنْ فَهْمِهَا مَنْ غَبِيَ عَلَيْهِ طَرِيقُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي تَرْتِيبِ أَهْلِهِ فِيهِ فَلاَ يُقَصَّرُ بِالرَّجُلِ الْعَالِي الْقَدْرِ عَنْ دَرَجَتِهِ وَلاَ يُرْفَعُ مُتَّضِعُ الْقَدْرِ فِي الْعِلْمِ فَوْقَ مَنْزِلَتِهِ وَيُعْطَى كُلُّ ذِي حَقٍّ فِيهِ حَقَّهُ وَيُنَزَّلُ مَنْزِلَتَهُ. وَقَدْ ذُكِرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نُنَزِّلَ النَّاسَ مَنَازِلَهُمْ. مَعَ مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ الْقُرْآنُ مِنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {وَفَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِي عِلْمٍ عَلِيمٌ}. فَعَلَى نَحْوِ مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الْوُجُوهِ نُؤَلِّفُ مَا سَأَلْتَ مِنَ الأَخْبَارِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. فَأَمَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا عَنْ قَوْمٍ هُمْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مُتَّهَمُونَ أَوْ عِنْدَ الأَكْثَرِ مِنْهُمْ فَلَسْنَا نَتَشَاغَلُ بِتَخْرِيجِ حَدِيثِهِمْ كَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِسْوَرٍ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَعَبْدِ الْقُدُّوسِ الشَّامِيِّ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْمَصْلُوبِ وَغِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَبِي دَاوُدَ النَّخَعِيِّ وَأَشْبَاهِهِمْ مِمَّنِ اتُّهِمَ بِوَضْعِ الأَحَادِيثِ وَتَوْلِيدِ الأَخْبَارِ. وَكَذَلِكَ مَنِ الْغَالِبُ عَلَى حَدِيثِهِ الْمُنْكَرُ أَوِ الْغَلَطُ أَمْسَكْنَا أَيْضًا عَنْ حَدِيثِهِمْ. وَعَلاَمَةُ الْمُنْكَرِ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمُحَدِّثِ إِذَا مَا عُرِضَتْ رِوَايَتُهُ لِلْحَدِيثِ عَلَى رِوَايَةِ غَيْرِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحِفْظِ وَالرِّضَا خَالَفَتْ رِوَايَتُهُ رِوَايَتَهُمْ أَوْ لَمْ تَكَدْ تُوَافِقُهَا فَإِذَا كَانَ الأَغْلَبُ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ مَهْجُورَ الْحَدِيثِ غَيْرَ مَقْبُولِهِ وَلاَ مُسْتَعْمَلِهِ. فَمِنْ هَذَا الضَّرْبِ مِنَ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَرَّرٍ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ وَالْجَرَّاحُ بْنُ الْمِنْهَالِ أَبُو الْعَطُوفِ وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ وَحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ ضُمَيْرَةَ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ صُهْبَانَ وَمَنْ نَحَا نَحْوَهُمْ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ. فَلَسْنَا نُعَرِّجُ عَلَى حَدِيثِهِمْ وَلاَ نَتَشَاغَلُ بِهِ. لأَنَّ حُكْمَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالَّذِي نَعْرِفُ مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِمْ فِي قَبُولِ مَا يَتَفَرَّدُ بِهِ الْمُحَدِّثُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ شَارَكَ الثِّقَاتِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْحِفْظِ فِي بَعْضِ مَا رَوَوْا وَأَمْعَنَ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُوَافَقَةِ لَهُمْ فَإِذَا وُجِدَ كَذَلِكَ ثُمَّ زَادَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا لَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِهِ قُبِلَتْ زِيَادَتُهُ. فَأَمَّا مَنْ تَرَاهُ يَعْمِدُ لِمِثْلِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي جَلاَلَتِهِ وَكَثْرَةِ أَصْحَابِهِ الْحُفَّاظِ الْمُتْقِنِينَ لِحَدِيثِهِ وَحَدِيثِ غَيْرِهِ أَوْ لِمِثْلِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ وَحَدِيثُهُمَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مَبْسُوطٌ مُشْتَرَكٌ قَدْ نَقَلَ أَصْحَابُهُمَا عَنْهُمَا حَدِيثَهُمَا عَلَى الاِتِّفَاقِ مِنْهُمْ فِي أَكْثَرِهِ فَيَرْوِي عَنْهُمَا أَوْ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا الْعَدَدَ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ مِمَّا لاَ يَعْرِفُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِمَا وَلَيْسَ مِمَّنْ قَدْ شَارَكَهُمْ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِمَّا عِنْدَهُمْ فَغَيْرُ جَائِزٍ قَبُولُ حَدِيثِ هَذَا الضَّرْبِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَدْ شَرَحْنَا مِنْ مَذْهَبِ الْحَدِيثِ وَأَهْلِهِ بَعْضَ مَا يَتَوَجَّهُ بِهِ مَنْ أَرَادَ سَبِيلَ الْقَوْمِ وَوُفِّقَ لَهَا وَسَنَزِيدُ- إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- شَرْحًا وَإِيضَاحًا فِي مَوَاضِعَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ الأَخْبَارِ الْمُعَلَّلَةِ إِذَا أَتَيْنَا عَلَيْهَا فِي الأَمَاكِنِ الَّتِي يَلِيقُ بِهَا الشَّرْحُ وَالإِيضَاحُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. وَبَعْدُ- يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ- فَلَوْلاَ الَّذِي رَأَيْنَا مِنْ سُوءِ صَنِيعِ كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ نَصَبَ نَفْسَهُ مُحَدِّثًا فِيمَا يَلْزَمُهُمْ مِنْ طَرْحِ الأَحَادِيثِ الضَّعِيفَةِ وَالرِّوَايَاتِ الْمُنْكَرَةِ وَتَرْكِهِمْ الاِقْتِصَارَ عَلَى الأَحَادِيثِ الصَّحِيحَةِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ مِمَّا نَقَلَهُ الثِّقَاتُ الْمَعْرُوفُونَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَالأَمَانَةِ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِمْ وَإِقْرَارِهِمْ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ أَنَّ كَثِيرًا مِمَّا يَقْذِفُونَ بِهِ إِلَى الأَغْبِيَاءِ مِنَ النَّاسِ هُوَ مُسْتَنْكَرٌ وَمَنْقُولٌ عَنْ قَوْمٍ غَيْرِ مَرْضِيِّينَ مِمَّنْ ذَمَّ الرِّوَايَةَ عَنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مِثْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَشُعْبَةَ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ وَسُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الأَئِمَّةِ- لَمَا سَهُلَ عَلَيْنَا الاِنْتِصَابُ لِمَا سَأَلْتَ مِنَ التَّمْيِيزِ وَالتَّحْصِيلِ.
وَلَكِنْ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا أَعْلَمْنَاكَ مِنْ نَشْرِ الْقَوْمِ الأَخْبَارَ الْمُنْكَرَةَ بِالأَسَانِيدِ الضِّعَافِ الْمَجْهُولَةِ وَقَذْفِهِمْ بِهَا إِلَى الْعَوَامِّ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ عُيُوبَهَا خَفَّ عَلَى قُلُوبِنَا إِجَابَتُكَ إِلَى مَا سَأَلْتَ.
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Chapter: The Obligation of Transmitting on Authority of Trustworthy Narrators and Abandoning the Liars
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باب وُجُوبِ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنِ الثِّقَاتِ، وَتَرْكِ الْكَذَّابِينَ
Know - may Allah, exalted is He, grant you success – that what is obligatory upon everyone who is aware of the distinction between the Sahīh transmissions and their weak, the trustworthy narrators from those who stand accused, is to not transmit from them except what is known for the soundness of its emergence and the protection of its narrators; and that they fear what may be from those accused (of deficiency in narrating) and the stubborn people of innovation.
The proof that what we have said is required above what opposes it is in the verse: {Oh you who believe! If a sinful person comes to you with news, then verify it lest you afflict people through ignorance then you become sorry about what you did}[al-Hujurāt: 6]; and the verse: {… from whom you are pleased with from the witnesses}[al-Baqarah: 282] and the verse: {And let two who possess integrity among you bare witness}[at-Talāq: 2]. Thus it demonstrates what we mentioned from these two verses that the report of the sinful is dropped and not accepted, and that the testimony [Shahādah] of one who does not possess integrity is rejected, and the report [Khabar] as well- even though its significance is separated from the meaning of testimony in some respects, they are in agreement regarding the overall conditions they share since the report of the sinful is not acceptable according to Ahl ul-Ilm just as his testimony is rejected according to all of them . The Sunnah demonstrates the prohibition of transmitting abominable transmissions just as in the example from the Qur’ān regarding the prohibition of the report of the sinful.
There is a famous narration on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, that: ‘Whoever relates on my authority a narration while aware that it is a lie, then he is one of the liars’ . Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated it to us that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Abd ir-Rahman ibn Abī Laylā, on authority of Samurah bin Jundab. And also Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us, that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah and Sufyān, on authority of Habīb, on authority of Maymūn ibn Abī Shabīb, on authority of al-Mughīrat ibn Shu’bah, they both said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said the same thing.
The proof that what we have said is required above what opposes it is in the verse: {Oh you who believe! If a sinful person comes to you with news, then verify it lest you afflict people through ignorance then you become sorry about what you did}[al-Hujurāt: 6]; and the verse: {… from whom you are pleased with from the witnesses}[al-Baqarah: 282] and the verse: {And let two who possess integrity among you bare witness}[at-Talāq: 2]. Thus it demonstrates what we mentioned from these two verses that the report of the sinful is dropped and not accepted, and that the testimony [Shahādah] of one who does not possess integrity is rejected, and the report [Khabar] as well- even though its significance is separated from the meaning of testimony in some respects, they are in agreement regarding the overall conditions they share since the report of the sinful is not acceptable according to Ahl ul-Ilm just as his testimony is rejected according to all of them . The Sunnah demonstrates the prohibition of transmitting abominable transmissions just as in the example from the Qur’ān regarding the prohibition of the report of the sinful.
There is a famous narration on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, that: ‘Whoever relates on my authority a narration while aware that it is a lie, then he is one of the liars’ . Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated it to us that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Abd ir-Rahman ibn Abī Laylā, on authority of Samurah bin Jundab. And also Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us, that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah and Sufyān, on authority of Habīb, on authority of Maymūn ibn Abī Shabīb, on authority of al-Mughīrat ibn Shu’bah, they both said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said the same thing.
وَاعْلَمْ- وَفَّقَكَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- أَنَّ الْوَاجِبَ عَلَى كُلِّ أَحَدٍ عَرَفَ التَّمْيِيزَ بَيْنَ صَحِيحِ الرِّوَايَاتِ وَسَقِيمِهَا وَثِقَاتِ النَّاقِلِينَ لَهَا مِنَ الْمُتَّهَمِينَ أَنْ لاَ يَرْوِيَ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ مَا عَرَفَ صِحَّةَ مَخَارِجِهِ. وَالسِّتَارَةَ فِي نَاقِلِيهِ. وَأَنْ يَتَّقِيَ مِنْهَا مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا عَنْ أَهْلِ التُّهَمِ وَالْمُعَانِدِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ.
وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ الَّذِي قُلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا هُوَ اللاَّزِمُ دُونَ مَا خَالَفَهُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَإٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَنْ تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ} وَقَالَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الْشُّهَدَاءِ} وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ} فَدَلَّ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الآيِ أَنَّ خَبَرَ الْفَاسِقِ سَاقِطٌ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ وَأَنَّ شَهَادَةَ غَيْرِ الْعَدْلِ مَرْدُودَةٌ وَالْخَبَرُ وَإِنْ فَارَقَ مَعْنَاهُ مَعْنَى الشَّهَادَةِ فِي بَعْضِ الْوُجُوهِ فَقَدْ يَجْتَمِعَانِ فِي أَعْظَمِ مَعَانِيهِمَا إِذْ كَانَ خَبَرُ الْفَاسِقِ غَيْرَ مَقْبُولٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ كَمَا أَنَّ شَهَادَتَهُ مَرْدُودَةٌ عِنْدَ جَمِيعِهِمْ وَدَلَّتِ السُّنَّةُ عَلَى نَفْيِ رِوَايَةِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنَ الأَخْبَارِ كَنَحْوِ دَلاَلَةِ الْقُرْآنِ عَلَى نَفْيِ خَبَرِ الْفَاسِقِ. وَهُوَ الأَثَرُ الْمَشْهُورُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ حَدَّثَ عَنِّي بِحَدِيثٍ يُرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ».
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ. (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ أَيْضًا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَسُفْيَانَ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ أَبِي شَبِيبٍ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ قَالاَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ.
وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ الَّذِي قُلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا هُوَ اللاَّزِمُ دُونَ مَا خَالَفَهُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَإٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَنْ تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ} وَقَالَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الْشُّهَدَاءِ} وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ} فَدَلَّ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الآيِ أَنَّ خَبَرَ الْفَاسِقِ سَاقِطٌ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ وَأَنَّ شَهَادَةَ غَيْرِ الْعَدْلِ مَرْدُودَةٌ وَالْخَبَرُ وَإِنْ فَارَقَ مَعْنَاهُ مَعْنَى الشَّهَادَةِ فِي بَعْضِ الْوُجُوهِ فَقَدْ يَجْتَمِعَانِ فِي أَعْظَمِ مَعَانِيهِمَا إِذْ كَانَ خَبَرُ الْفَاسِقِ غَيْرَ مَقْبُولٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ كَمَا أَنَّ شَهَادَتَهُ مَرْدُودَةٌ عِنْدَ جَمِيعِهِمْ وَدَلَّتِ السُّنَّةُ عَلَى نَفْيِ رِوَايَةِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنَ الأَخْبَارِ كَنَحْوِ دَلاَلَةِ الْقُرْآنِ عَلَى نَفْيِ خَبَرِ الْفَاسِقِ. وَهُوَ الأَثَرُ الْمَشْهُورُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ حَدَّثَ عَنِّي بِحَدِيثٍ يُرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ».
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ. (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ أَيْضًا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَسُفْيَانَ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ أَبِي شَبِيبٍ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ قَالاَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ.
(2)
Chapter: Warning about Lying Upon the Messenger of Allah [peace and blessings of Allah upon him]
(2)
باب فِي التَّحْذِيرِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Sahih Muslim 1
Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us that Ghundar narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah; and Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā and Ibn Bashār both narrated to us, they said:
Muhammad bin Ja’far narrated to us, Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Mansūr, on authority of Rab’iy ibn Hirāsh, that he heard Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, giving a Khutbah and he said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Do not lie upon me; indeed whoever lies upon me will enter the Fire’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ، بَشَّارٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ حِرَاشٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلِيًّا، - رضى الله عنه - يَخْطُبُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" لاَ تَكْذِبُوا عَلَىَّ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَكْذِبْ عَلَىَّ يَلِجِ النَّارَ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 1 |
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Sahih Muslim 2
Zuhayr bin Harb narrated to me, Ismā’īl, rather, Ibn Ulayyah narrated to us, on authority of Abd il-Azīz ibn Suhayb, on authority of Anas bin Mālik, that he said:
‘Indeed what prevents me from relating to you a great number of Ḥadīth is that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Whoever intends to lie upon me, then let him take his seat in the Fire.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُلَيَّةَ - عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَيَمْنَعُنِي أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكُمْ حَدِيثًا كَثِيرًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَنْ تَعَمَّدَ عَلَىَّ كَذِبًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 2 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 2 |
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Sahih Muslim 3
Muhammad bin Ubayd il-Ghubarī narrated to us, Abū Awānah narrated to us, on authority of Abī Hasīn, on authority of Abī Sālih, on authority of Abū Hurayrah, he said, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said:
‘Whoever lies upon me intentionally, then let him take his seat in the Fire’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْغُبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَصِينٍ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" مَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَىَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 3 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 3 |
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Sahih Muslim 4 a
Muhammad bin Abd Allah ibn Numayr narrated to us, my father narrated to us, Sa’īd bin Ubayd narrated to us, Alī bin Rabī’ah narrated to us, he said:
‘I arrived at the Masjid and al-Mughīrah, the Amīr of al-Kūfah said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, saying, ‘Indeed a lie upon me is not like a lie upon anyone else, for whoever lies upon me intentionally, then he shall take his seat in the Fire’.’
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ أَتَيْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْمُغِيرَةُ أَمِيرُ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ
" إِنَّ كَذِبًا عَلَىَّ لَيْسَ كَكَذِبٍ عَلَى أَحَدٍ فَمَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَىَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 4 a |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 4 |
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Sahih Muslim 4 b
’ Alī bin Hujr as-Sa’dī narrated to us, Alī bin Mushir narrated to us, Muhammad bin Qays il-Asadī informed us, on authority of Alī ibn Rabī’at al-Asadī, on authority of al-Mughīrat ibn Shu’bah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him a similar narration, however he did not mention the words ‘Indeed a lie upon me is not like a lie upon anyone else’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الأَسَدِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الأَسَدِيِّ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِثْلِهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ
" إِنَّ كَذِبًا عَلَىَّ لَيْسَ كَكَذِبٍ عَلَى أَحَدٍ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 4 b |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 5 |
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(3)
Chapter: The Prohibition of Narrating Everything One Hears
(3)
باب النَّهْىِ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ، بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ
Sahih Muslim 5
Ubayd Allah bin Mu’ādh al-Anbarī narrated to us, my father narrated to us; and Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us, Abd ur-Rahman bin Mahdī both narrated to us:
Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Khubayb bin Abd ir-Rahman, on authority of Hafs bin Āsim, on authority of Abī Hurayrah, he said, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘It is enough of a lie for a man to narrate everything he hears’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ح، وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 5 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 6 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 8
Abū Bakr bin Abī Shaybah narrated to us, Alī bin Hafs narrated to us, Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Khubayb bin Abd ir-Rahman, on authority of Hafs bin Āsim, on authority of Abī Hurayrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, the same as that.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 8 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 7 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 9
Yahyā bin Yahyā narrated to us, Hushaym informed us, on authority of Sulaymān at-Taymī, on authority of Abī Uthmān an-Nahdī, he said, Umar bin ul-Khattāb, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
‘It is enough of a lie for a man that he narrates everything he hears’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رضى الله تعالى عنه بِحَسْبِ الْمَرْءِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 9 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 8 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 10
Abūt-Tāhir Ahmad bin Amr bin Sarh narrated to me, he said, Ibn Wahb narrated to us, he said, Mālik said to me:
‘Know that a man who relates everything he hears is not safe, and he can never be an Imām, as long as he narrates everything he hears’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ قَالَ لِي مَالِكٌ اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ يَسْلَمُ رَجُلٌ حَدَّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ وَلاَ يَكُونُ إِمَامًا أَبَدًا وَهُوَ يُحَدِّثُ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 10 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 9 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 11
Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us, he said Abd ur-Rahman narrated to us, he said Sufyān narrated to us, on authority of Abī Ishāq, on authority of Abīl-Ahwas, on authority of Abd Illah, he said:
‘It is enough of a lie for a man that he narrates everything he hears’.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ بِحَسْبِ الْمَرْءِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 11 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 10 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 12
Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us, he said I heard Abd ar-Rahman bin Mahdī saying:
‘A man cannot be an Imām whose example is followed until he withholds from some of what he hears’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ، يَقُولُ لاَ يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ إِمَامًا يُقْتَدَى بِهِ حَتَّى يُمْسِكَ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا سَمِعَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 12 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 11 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 13
Yahyā bin Yahyā narrated to us, Umar bin Alī bin Muqaddam informed us, on authority of Sufyān bin Husayn, he said:
‘Iyās bin Mu’āwiyah asked me saying: ‘Indeed I see that you love knowledge of the Qur’ān, so recite for me a Sūrah and explain it until I can reflect on what you know’. [Sufyān] said, so I did that, and [Iyās] said to me: ‘Memorize from me what I am about to say to you- Beware of abominations in Ḥadīth for indeed rarely does anyone convey them except he lowers himself and his Ḥadīth are denied’.’
وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُقَدَّمٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، قَالَ سَأَلَنِي إِيَاسُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَرَاكَ قَدْ كَلِفْتَ بِعِلْمِ الْقُرْآنِ فَاقْرَأْ عَلَىَّ سُورَةً وَفَسِّرْ حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ فِيمَا عَلِمْتَ . قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُ . فَقَالَ لِيَ احْفَظْ عَلَىَّ مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ إِيَّاكَ وَالشَّنَاعَةَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَإِنَّهُ قَلَّمَا حَمَلَهَا أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ ذَلَّ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَكُذِّبَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 13 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 12 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 14
Abūt-Tāhir and Harmalah bin Yahyā narrated to me, they said Ibn Wahb narrated to us, he said Yūnus informed me, on authority of Ibn Shihāb, on authority of Ubayd Allah bin Abd Allah bin Utbah, that Abd Allah bin Mas’ūd said:
‘It is the case that you do not relate to the people a narration which their minds cannot grasp except that it becomes a Fitnah for some of them’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ مَا أَنْتَ بِمُحَدِّثٍ قَوْمًا حَدِيثًا لاَ تَبْلُغُهُ عُقُولُهُمْ إِلاَّ كَانَ لِبَعْضِهِمْ فِتْنَةً .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 14 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 13 |
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Chapter: The Weak Narrators, Liars, and Those Whose Hadith are Avoided
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باب النَّهْىِ عَنِ الرِّوَايَةِ، عَنِ الضُّعَفَاءِ، وَالاِحْتِيَاطِ، فِي تَحَمُّلِهَا
Sahih Muslim 6
Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Numayr and Zuhayr bin Harb narrated to me, they said Abd Allah bin Yazīd narrated to us, he said Sa’īd bin Abī Ayyūb narrated to me, he said Abū Hāni’ narrated to me, on authority of Uthmān Muslim bin Yasār, on authority of Abī Hurayrah, on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, he said:
‘There will be in the last of my nation a people narrating to you what you nor your fathers heard, so beware of them’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هَانِئٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ
" سَيَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ أُمَّتِي أُنَاسٌ يُحَدِّثُونَكُمْ مَا لَمْ تَسْمَعُوا أَنْتُمْ وَلاَ آبَاؤُكُمْ فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 6 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 14 |
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Sahih Muslim 7
Harmalah bin Yahyā bin Abd Allah bin Harmalah bin Imrān at-Tujībī narrated to me, he said Ibn Wahb narrated to us, he said Abū Shurayh narrated to me that he heard Sharāhīl bin Yazīd saying ‘Muslim bin Yasār informed me that he heard Abā Hurayrah saying, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said:
‘There will be in the end of time charlatan liars coming to you with narrations that you nor your fathers heard, so beware of them lest they misguide you and cause you tribulations’.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَرْمَلَةَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ التُّجِيبِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو شُرَيْحٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ شَرَاحِيلَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" يَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ دَجَّالُونَ كَذَّابُونَ يَأْتُونَكُمْ مِنَ الأَحَادِيثِ بِمَا لَمْ تَسْمَعُوا أَنْتُمْ وَلاَ آبَاؤُكُمْ فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ لاَ يُضِلُّونَكُمْ وَلاَ يَفْتِنُونَكُمْ " .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 7 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 15 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 17
Abū Sa’īd al-Ashajj narrated to me, Wakī’ narrated to us, al-A’mash narrated to us, on authority of al-Musayyab bin Rāfi’, on authority of Āmir bin Abdah, he said, Abd Allah [bin Mas’ūd] said:
‘Indeed Satan will appear in the form of a man and he will come to the people, narrating to them false Ḥadīth, and they will then depart. Then a man among them will say: ‘I heard a man whose face I recognize but I do not know his name narrating [such and such]…’
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبَدَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَيَتَمَثَّلُ فِي صُورَةِ الرَّجُلِ فَيَأْتِي الْقَوْمَ فَيُحَدِّثُهُمْ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ فَيَتَفَرَّقُونَ فَيَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلاً أَعْرِفُ وَجْهَهُ وَلاَ أَدْرِي مَا اسْمُهُ يُحَدِّثُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 17 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 16 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 18
Muhammad bin Rāfi’ narrated to me, Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, Ma’mar informed us, on authority of Ibn Tāwus, on authority of his father, on authority Abd Allah bin Amr bin al-Ās, he said:
‘Indeed in the sea are devils chained up, whom Sulaymān shackled and they are at the point of emerging. Then they will recite a Qur’ān upon the people.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، قَالَ إِنَّ فِي الْبَحْرِ شَيَاطِينَ مَسْجُونَةً أَوْثَقَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ فَتَقْرَأَ عَلَى النَّاسِ قُرْآنًا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 18 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 17 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 19
Muhammad bin Abbād and Sa’īd bin Amr al-Ash’athī narrated to me on authority of Ibn Uyaynah; Sa’īd said Sufyān informed us on authority of Hishām bin Hujayr, on authority of Tāwus, he said (Bushayr bin Ka’b) came to Ibn Abbās so he set about narrating to him. Ibn Abbās said to him:
‘Go back to such-and-such narration‘. Then [Bushayr] returned to it and narrated it. So [Ibn Abbās] said to him: ‘Go back to such-and-such narration’. Then [Bushayr] returned to it and narrated it. Thus [Bushayr] said to him: ‘I do not know whether you know all of my Ḥadīth and you reject this one and that, or if you reject all of my Ḥadīth and know this one and that?’ Ibn Abbās said to him: ‘Indeed we would be narrated to on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, at a time when one would not lie upon him, however when the people took the difficult [Munkar] and the docile [Sahīh], we abandoned listening to Ḥadīth from them’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الأَشْعَثِيُّ، جَمِيعًا عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، - قَالَ سَعِيدٌ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، - عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، قَالَ جَاءَ هَذَا إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - يَعْنِي بُشَيْرَ بْنَ كَعْبٍ - فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عُدْ لِحَدِيثِ كَذَا وَكَذَا . فَعَادَ لَهُ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُدْ لِحَدِيثِ كَذَا وَكَذَا . فَعَادَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا أَدْرِي أَعَرَفْتَ حَدِيثِي كُلَّهُ وَأَنْكَرْتَ هَذَا أَمْ أَنْكَرْتَ حَدِيثِي كُلَّهُ وَعَرَفْتَ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا نُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُكْذَبُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا رَكِبَ النَّاسُ الصَّعْبَ وَالذَّلُولَ تَرَكْنَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 19 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 18 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 20
Muhammad bin Rāfi’ narrated to me, Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, Ma’mar informed us, on authority of Ibn Tāwus, on authority of his father, on authority of Ibn Abbās, he said:
‘Indeed we would take Ḥadīth and they would be taken on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him. However if you take every difficult and docile [narration] then how far that is [from being upright]!
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَحْفَظُ الْحَدِيثَ وَالْحَدِيثُ يُحْفَظُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَمَّا إِذْ رَكِبْتُمْ كُلَّ صَعْبٍ وَذَلُولٍ فَهَيْهَاتَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 20 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 19 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 21
Abū Ayyūb Sulaymān bin Ubayd Allah al-Ghaylānī narrated to us, Abū Āmir, meaning al-Aqadī, narrated to us, Rabāh narrated to us, on authority of Qays bin Sa’d, on authority of Mujāhid, he said Bushayr ul-Adawī came to Ibn Abbās then he set about narrating to him, saying:
‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’, ‘the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’. Then it seemed that Ibn Abbās was not listening to his Ḥadīth and not reflecting on them, so [Bushayr] said: ‘Oh Ibn Abbās, why is it that I see you not listening to my Ḥadīth? I narrate to you on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, however you are not listening’. Ibn Abbās said: ‘Indeed once upon a time we would listen to a man saying, ‘the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’ rushing towards him with our eyes and harkening towards him with our ears; then when the people took the difficult and the docile we no longer took from people except those whom we knew’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَيُّوبَ، سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْغَيْلاَنِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، - يَعْنِي الْعَقَدِيَّ - حَدَّثَنَا رَبَاحٌ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، قَالَ جَاءَ بُشَيْرٌ الْعَدَوِيُّ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُ وَيَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لاَ يَأْذَنُ لِحَدِيثِهِ وَلاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ مَا لِي لاَ أَرَاكَ تَسْمَعُ لِحَدِيثِي أُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلاَ تَسْمَعُ . فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مَرَّةً إِذَا سَمِعْنَا رَجُلاً يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ابْتَدَرَتْهُ أَبْصَارُنَا وَأَصْغَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ بِآذَانِنَا فَلَمَّا رَكِبَ النَّاسُ الصَّعْبَ وَالذَّلُولَ لَمْ نَأْخُذْ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلاَّ مَا نَعْرِفُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 21 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 20 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 22
Dāwud bin Amr aḍ-Ḍabbī narrated to us, Nāfi’ bin Umar narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Abī Mulaykah, he said:
‘I wrote to Ibn Abbās asking him to write something [pertaining to knowledge] for me and he withheld from me quite a bit, and said: ‘As [if he were] a sincere child, I will write for him something especially suited to his status withholding from him what would not benefit him’. [Ibn Abī Mulaykah] said: ‘So [Ibn Abbās] called for the judgment of Alī [bin Abī Tālib which was a book with which Alī would pass verdicts in Kuffah], and he began to write from it [with respect to the request of Ibn Abī Mulaykah] and he came upon something [not appropriate to the station of Alī regarding the science of verdicts]. So [Ibn Abbās] said: ‘By Allah, Alī did not give judgment according to this unless he was astray’.’
حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الضَّبِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا نَافِعُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ، لِي كِتَابًا وَيُخْفِي عَنِّي . فَقَالَ وَلَدٌ نَاصِحٌ أَنَا أَخْتَارُ لَهُ الأُمُورَ اخْتِيَارًا وَأُخْفِي عَنْهُ . قَالَ فَدَعَا بِقَضَاءِ عَلِيٍّ فَجَعَلَ يَكْتُبُ مِنْهُ أَشْيَاءَ وَيَمُرُّ بِهِ الشَّىْءُ فَيَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ مَا قَضَى بِهَذَا عَلِيٌّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ضَلَّ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 22 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 21 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 23
Amr an-Nāqid narrated to us, Sufyān bin Uyaynah narrated to us, on authority of Hishām bin Hujayr, on authority of Tāwus, he said:
‘A book was brought to Ibn Abbās which contained the verdicts of Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, and he effaced but a small amount,’ and Sufyān bin Uyaynah indicated with his arm [the amount].
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، قَالَ أُتِيَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِكِتَابٍ فِيهِ قَضَاءُ عَلِيٍّ - رضى الله عنه - فَمَحَاهُ إِلاَّ قَدْرَ . وَأَشَارَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ بِذِرَاعِهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 23 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 22 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 24
Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Yahyā bin Ādam narrated to us, Ibn Idrīs narrated to us, on authority of al-A’mash, on authority of Abī Ishāq who said:
‘When they narrated these things after Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, a man from the companions of Alī said: ‘May Allah curse them. Did they corrupt every [type of] knowledge!?’
حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ لَمَّا أَحْدَثُوا تِلْكَ الأَشْيَاءَ بَعْدَ عَلِيٍّ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَلِيٍّ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَىَّ عِلْمٍ أَفْسَدُوا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 24 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 23 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 25
Alī bin Khashram narrated to us, Abū Bakr, meaning Ibn Ayyāsh, informed us, he said ‘I heard al-Mughīrah saying:
‘There are no Ḥadīth on authority of Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, that are confirmed except from the companions of Abd Allah bin Mas’ūd.’
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ خَشْرَمٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَيَّاشٍ - قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْمُغِيرَةَ، يَقُولُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَصْدُقُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ - رضى الله عنه - فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 25 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 24 |
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(5)
Chapter: That Which is Related to the Statements ‘The Chain of Narration is from the Religion’; ‘Transmissions are not Taken Except from Trustworthy Narrators’; and ‘Criticism of the Narrators With What is Permissible Regarding Them, Even Obligatory and That It is not the Prohibited Kind of Backbiting, Rather it is the Defense of the Noble Sharī’ah’
(5)
باب فِي أَنَّ الإِسْنَادَ مِنَ الدِّينِ وَأَنَّ الرِّوَايَةَ لَا تَكُونُ إِلَّا عَنْ الثِّقَاتِ وَأَنَّ جَرْحَ الرُّوَاةِ بِمَا هُوَ فِيهِمْ جَائِزٌ بَلْ وَاجِبٌ وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ الْغِيبَةِ الْمُحَرَّمَةِ بَلْ مِنْ الذَّبِّ عَنْ الشَّرِيعَةِ الْمُكَرَّمَةِ
Sahih Muslim Introduction 26
Hasan bin ur-Rabī’ narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, on authority of Ayyūb and Hishām [bin Hassān], on authority of Muhammad [bin Sīrīn] ; and Fuḍayl [bin Īyāḍ] narrated to us on authority of Hishām [bin Hassān]; he said Mukhlad bin Husayn narrated to us, on authority of Hishām [bin Hassān], on authority of Muhammad bin Sīrīn , that he said:
‘Indeed this knowledge is faith, so carefully consider from whom you take your faith’.
حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، وَهِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَحَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلٌ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْعِلْمَ دِينٌ فَانْظُرُوا عَمَّنْ تَأْخُذُونَ دِينَكُمْ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 26 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 25 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 27
Abū Ja’far Muhammad bin us-Sabbāh narrated to us, Ismā’īl bin Zakariyyā’ narrated to us, on authority of Āsim il-Ahwal, on authority of Ibn Sīrīn that he said:
‘They would not ask about the chains of narration, and when the Fitnah occurred, they said: ‘Name for us your men’. So Ahl us-Sunnah would be regarded, and their Ḥadīth were then taken, and Ahl ul-Bi’dah would be regarded, and their Ḥadīth were not taken’.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّاءَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الأَحْوَلِ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَسْأَلُونَ عَنِ الإِسْنَادِ، فَلَمَّا وَقَعَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ قَالُوا سَمُّوا لَنَا رِجَالَكُمْ فَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ فَيُؤْخَذُ حَدِيثُهُمْ وَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ فَلاَ يُؤْخَذُ حَدِيثُهُمْ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 27 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 26 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 28
Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm al-Hanthalī narrated to us, Īsā, and he is Ibn Yūnus, informed us, al-Awzā’ī narrated to us, on authority of Sulyamān bin Mūsā, he said:
‘I came across Tāwus and said: ‘So-and-so narrated to me such-and-such’. Then he said: ‘If your companion is trustworthy, then take from him.’
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ - حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، قَالَ لَقِيتُ طَاوُسًا فَقُلْتُ حَدَّثَنِي فُلاَنٌ، كَيْتَ وَكَيْتَ . قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ صَاحِبُكَ مَلِيًّا فَخُذْ عَنْهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 28 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 27 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 29
Abd Allah bin Abd ir-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Marwān, meaning Ibn Muhammad ad-Dimashqī informed us, Sa’īd bin Abd il-Azīz narrated to us, on authority of Sulaymān bin Mūsā, he said, I said to Tāwus:
‘So-and-so narrated to me like this-and-that’. He said: ‘If your companion is trustworthy, then take from him.’
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَرْوَانُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الدِّمَشْقِيَّ - حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِطَاوُسٍ إِنَّ فُلاَنًا حَدَّثَنِي بِكَذَا، وَكَذَا، . قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ صَاحِبُكَ مَلِيًّا فَخُذْ عَنْهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 29 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 30
Nasr bin Alī al-Jahdhamī narrated to us, al-Asma’ī narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Abī-Zinād, on authority of his father, he said:
‘I met one hundred [transmitters] in al-Madīnah, each of whom were reliable. Narrations were not taken from one about who it was said, ‘he is not from its people’.’
حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَصْمَعِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ أَدْرَكْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مِائَةً كُلُّهُمْ مَأْمُونٌ . مَا يُؤْخَذُ عَنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثُ يُقَالُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 30 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 29 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 31
Muhammad bin Abī Umar al-Makkī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us; and Abū Bakr bin Khallād al-Bāhilī narrated to us – and the wording is his, he said, I heard Sufyān bin Uyaynah, on authority of Mis’ar, he said, I heard Sa’d bin Ibrāhīm saying:
‘There is to be no narrating on authority of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah send blessings and peace upon him, except by trustworthy narrators (Thiqāt)’.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْمَكِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ح وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ خَلاَّدٍ الْبَاهِلِيُّ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَعْدَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، يَقُولُ لاَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلاَّ الثِّقَاتُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 31 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 30 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 32
Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Quhzādh from the people of Marw narrated to us, he said I heard Abdān bin Uthmān saying, I heard Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak saying:
‘The chain of narration is from the Dīn, and were it not for the chain of narration whoever wished could say what he wanted’.
Muhammad bin Abd Allah said, al-Abbās bin Abī Rizmah narrated to me, he said I heard Abd Allah [bin al-Mubārak] saying: ‘Between us and the people are ‘the legs’ (meaning the chain of narration, i.e. if a Ḥadīth was like a creature)’.
Muhammad said, I heard Abā Ishāq Ibrāhīm bin Īsā at-Tālqānī say, I said to Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak: ‘Oh Abā Abd ir-Rahman! How is the Ḥadīth which goes ‘Indeed from al-Birr after al-Birr is that you pray for your parents after you pray for yourself and you fast for them both after you fast for yourself’? So [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! On whose authority is this?’ I said to him: ‘This is a Ḥadīth from Shihāb bin Khirāsh’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘on authority of al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘He [al-Hajjāj said] the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’ [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! Indeed between al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, is a wilderness in which the necks of the mounts are severed, however, there is no difference of opinion regarding charity [offered on behalf of one’s parents]’.
Muhammad bin Abd Allah said, al-Abbās bin Abī Rizmah narrated to me, he said I heard Abd Allah [bin al-Mubārak] saying: ‘Between us and the people are ‘the legs’ (meaning the chain of narration, i.e. if a Ḥadīth was like a creature)’.
Muhammad said, I heard Abā Ishāq Ibrāhīm bin Īsā at-Tālqānī say, I said to Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak: ‘Oh Abā Abd ir-Rahman! How is the Ḥadīth which goes ‘Indeed from al-Birr after al-Birr is that you pray for your parents after you pray for yourself and you fast for them both after you fast for yourself’? So [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! On whose authority is this?’ I said to him: ‘This is a Ḥadīth from Shihāb bin Khirāsh’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘on authority of al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘He [al-Hajjāj said] the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’ [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! Indeed between al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, is a wilderness in which the necks of the mounts are severed, however, there is no difference of opinion regarding charity [offered on behalf of one’s parents]’.
Muhammad said, I heard Alī bin Shaqīq saying, I heard Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak saying in front of the people: ‘Abandon the Ḥadīth of Amr bin Thābit for indeed he would curse the Salaf [i.e., the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them]’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، - مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ - قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَانَ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ الإِسْنَادُ مِنَ الدِّينِ وَلَوْلاَ الإِسْنَادُ لَقَالَ مَنْ شَاءَ مَا شَاءَ .
وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْقَوَائِمُ . يَعْنِي الإِسْنَادَ .
وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ، إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ عِيسَى الطَّالَقَانِيَّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي جَاءَ
" إِنَّ مِنَ الْبِرِّ بَعْدَ الْبِرِّ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ لأَبَوَيْكَ مَعَ صَلاَتِكَ وَتَصُومَ لَهُمَا مَعَ صَوْمِكَ " . قَالَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ عَمَّنْ هَذَا قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ شِهَابِ بْنِ خِرَاشٍ . فَقَالَ ثِقَةٌ عَمَّنْ قَالَ قُلْتُ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ . قَالَ ثِقَةٌ عَمَّنْ قَالَ قُلْتُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم . قَالَ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ إِنَّ بَيْنَ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَفَاوِزَ تَنْقَطِعُ فِيهَا أَعْنَاقُ الْمَطِيِّ وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ اخْتِلاَفٌ .وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ شَقِيقٍ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ دَعُوا حَدِيثَ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَسُبُّ السَّلَفَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 32 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 31 |
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(5B)
Chapter: Unveiling Defects of the Transmitters of Ḥadīth and Relaters of Reports and the Statements of the A’immah Regarding That
(5B)
باب الْكَشْفِ عَنْ مَعَايِبِ، رُوَاةِ الْحَدِيثِ وَنَقَلَةِ الأَخْبَارِ وَقَوْلِ الأَئِمَّةِ فِي ذَلِكَ
Sahih Muslim Introduction 33
Abū Bakr ibn in-Naḍr bin Abīn-Naḍr narrated to me, he said Abūn-Naḍr Hāshim bin ul-Qāsim narrated to me, Abū Aqīl, companion of Buhayyah, narrated to us, he said:
‘I was sitting near al-Qāsim bin Ubayd Allah and Yahyā bin Sa’īd [bin Qays al-Madanī al-Qāḍī], when Yahyā said to al-Qāsim: ‘Oh Abā Muhammad! Indeed it is gravely harmful for the likes of you to be asked about something from the affair of this Dīn, and then knowledge of it is not found with you, and no relief [in the form of an answer]’ -or- ‘…knowledge and no articulation’. So al-Qāsim said [to Yahyā bin Sa’īd]: ‘Where did that come from?’ [Yahyā] said: ‘It is because you are the son of two Imāms of guidance- a descendent of Abu Bakr and Umar.’ [al-Qāsim] said to him: ‘More harmful than that- according to whoever reflects about Allah- is to speak without knowledge or to take [Ḥadīth] from someone who is not trustworthy’. [Abū Aqīl] said: ‘So [Yahyā bin Sa’īd] was quiet and did not respond to him’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَبِي النَّضْرِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو النَّضْرِ، هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَقِيلٍ، صَاحِبُ بُهَيَّةَ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ فَقَالَ يَحْيَى لِلْقَاسِمِ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّهُ قَبِيحٌ عَلَى مِثْلِكَ عَظِيمٌ أَنْ تُسْأَلَ عَنْ شَىْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ هَذَا الدِّينِ فَلاَ يُوجَدَ عِنْدَكَ مِنْهُ عِلْمٌ وَلاَ فَرَجٌ - أَوْ عِلْمٌ وَلاَ مَخْرَجٌ - فَقَالَ لَهُ الْقَاسِمُ وَعَمَّ ذَاكَ قَالَ لأَنَّكَ ابْنُ إِمَامَىْ هُدًى ابْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ . قَالَ يَقُولُ لَهُ الْقَاسِمُ أَقْبَحُ مِنْ ذَاكَ عِنْدَ مَنْ عَقَلَ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَقُولَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَوْ آخُذَ عَنْ غَيْرِ ثِقَةٍ . قَالَ فَسَكَتَ فَمَا أَجَابَهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 33 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 32 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 34
Bishr bin ul-Hakam al-Abdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Sufyān bin Uyaynah saying, they informed me on authority of Abī Aqīl, companion of Buhayyah, that a descendent of Abd Allah bin Umar was asked about something that he did not have knowledge about, so Yahyā bin Sa’īd said to him:
‘By Allah, indeed it is a grave matter that the likes of you, a descendent of two Imāms of guidance – meaning Umar and Ibn Umar – is asked about a matter and you have no knowledge of it’. So [al-Qāsim] said: ‘By Allah, more grave than that according to Allah, and to whoever reflects about Allah, is to speak without knowledge or to report on authority of one who is not trustworthy’. [Ibn Uyaynah] said that Abū Aqīl Yahyā bin al-Mutawakkil witnessed them both when they said that.
وَحَدَّثَنِي بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ الْعَبْدِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرُونِي عَنْ أَبِي عَقِيلٍ، صَاحِبِ بُهَيَّةَ أَنَّ أَبْنَاءً، لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ شَىْءٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ فِيهِ عِلْمٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لأُعْظِمُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلُكَ وَأَنْتَ ابْنُ إِمَامَىِ الْهُدَى - يَعْنِي عُمَرَ وَابْنَ عُمَرَ - تُسْأَلُ عَنْ أَمْرٍ لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ فِيهِ عِلْمٌ . فَقَالَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَاللَّهِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَعِنْدَ مَنْ عَقَلَ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَقُولَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَوْ أُخْبِرَ عَنْ غَيْرِ ثِقَةٍ . قَالَ وَشَهِدَهُمَا أَبُو عَقِيلٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ حِينَ قَالاَ ذَلِكَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 34 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 33 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 35
Amr bin Alī Abū Hafs narrated to us, he said I heard Yahyā bin Sa’īd, he said:
‘I asked Sufyān ath-Thawrī , Shu’bah, Mālik, and Ibn Uyaynah about a man who is not reliable (Thabt) in Ḥadīth, and someone comes and asks me about him, and they said: ‘Inform [others] against him that he is not reliable’.’
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَبُو حَفْصٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيَّ وَشُعْبَةَ وَمَالِكًا وَابْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لاَ يَكُونُ ثَبْتًا فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَيَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ فَيَسْأَلُنِي عَنْهُ . قَالُوا أَخْبِرْ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 35 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 34 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 36
Ubayd Allah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, he said, I heard an-Naḍr saying:
‘Ibn Awn was asked about the Ḥadīth of Shahr and he was standing at the threshold of the door, so [Ibn Awn] said: ‘Indeed they criticized Shahr, indeed they criticized Shahr’. Muslim, may Allah have mercy on him, said ‘He means- the tongues of men were busy criticizing him’.’
وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّضْرَ، يَقُولُ سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ حَدِيثٍ، لِشَهْرٍ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ شَهْرًا نَزَكُوهُ إِنَّ شَهْرًا نَزَكُوهُ . قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ أَخَذَتْهُ أَلْسِنَةُ النَّاسِ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 36 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 35 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 37
Hajjāj bin ush-Shā’ir narrated to me, Shabābah narrated to us, he said, Shu’bah said:
‘I had met Shahr then abandoned transmitting from him’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، قَالَ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ وَقَدْ لَقِيتُ شَهْرًا فَلَمْ أَعْتَدَّ بِهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 37 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 36 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 38
Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Quhzādh, from the people of Marw, narrated to me, he said Alī bin Husayn bin Wāqid informed me, he said Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak said, I said to Sufyān ath-Thawrī:
‘Indeed Abbād bin Kathīr, about whose condition you are aware, when he related [narrations] he introduced a grave matter- do you believe that it should be said to the people ‘Do not take from him?’ Sufyān said: ‘Indeed!’ Abd Allah [bin al-Mubārak] said: ‘So when I was in an assembly and Abbād was mentioned there, I praised him regarding his Dīn and said: ‘Do not take from him.’
Muhammad said, Abd Allah bin Uthmān narrated to us, he said, my father said, Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak said: ‘I ended up in an assembly of Shu’bah, and he said: ‘This is Abbād bin Kathīr so be warned against him.’
Muhammad said, Abd Allah bin Uthmān narrated to us, he said, my father said, Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak said: ‘I ended up in an assembly of Shu’bah, and he said: ‘This is Abbād bin Kathīr so be warned against him.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، - مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ - قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ قُلْتُ لِسُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ إِنَّ عَبَّادَ بْنَ كَثِيرٍ مَنْ تَعْرِفُ حَالَهُ . وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ جَاءَ، بِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ فَتَرَى أَنْ أَقُولَ، لِلنَّاسِ لاَ تَأْخُذُوا عَنْهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ بَلَى . قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَكُنْتُ إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ ذُكِرَ فِيهِ عَبَّادٌ أَثْنَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِي دِينِهِ وَأَقُولُ لاَ تَأْخُذُوا عَنْهُ .
وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى شُعْبَةَ فَقَالَ هَذَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ فَاحْذَرُوهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 38 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 37 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 39
Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said, I asked Mu’allā ar-Rāzī about Muhammad bin Sa’īd whom Abbād transmitted from, so he informed me about what Īsā bin Yūnus said:
‘I was at his door and Sufyān was with [Muhammad bin Sa’īd], then when he came out I asked [Sufyān] about him. So he informed me that he was a liar.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ مُعَلًّى الرَّازِيَّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الَّذِي، رَوَى عَنْهُ، عَبَّادٌ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ، قَالَ كُنْتُ عَلَى بَابِهِ وَسُفْيَانُ عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهُ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ كَذَّابٌ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 39 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 38 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 40
Muhammad bin Abī Attāb narrated to me, he said Affān narrated to me, on authority of Muhammad bin Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, on authority of his father, he said:
‘We do not see the righteous more false in anything than they are regarding Ḥadīth’.
Ibn Abī Attāb said: ‘So Muhammad bin Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān and I met and I asked him about it and he said on authority of his father: ‘You will not see the people of good (Ahl ul-Khayr) more false in anything than they are regarding Ḥadīth.’ Muslim said: ‘He was saying that falsehood flows upon their tongues although they do not intend to lie’.
Ibn Abī Attāb said: ‘So Muhammad bin Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān and I met and I asked him about it and he said on authority of his father: ‘You will not see the people of good (Ahl ul-Khayr) more false in anything than they are regarding Ḥadīth.’ Muslim said: ‘He was saying that falsehood flows upon their tongues although they do not intend to lie’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَتَّابٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَفَّانُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ لَمْ نَرَ الصَّالِحِينَ فِي شَىْءٍ أَكْذَبَ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْحَدِيثِ .
قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَتَّابٍ فَلَقِيتُ أَنَا مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، لَمْ تَرَ أَهْلَ الْخَيْرِ فِي شَىْءٍ أَكْذَبَ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْحَدِيثِ . قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ يَقُولُ يَجْرِي الْكَذِبُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِمْ وَلاَ يَتَعَمَّدُونَ الْكَذِبَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 40 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 39 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 41
Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said Yazīd bin Hārūn narrated to us, he said Khalīfah bin Mūsā informed me, he said:
‘I entered upon Ghālib bin Ubayd Allah so he began dictating to me ‘Mak’hūl narrated to me this’ and ‘Mak’hūl narrated to me that’. So he prepared to answer the call of nature and stood up, then I looked in his notebook and in it was ‘Abān narrated to me, on authority of Anas’ and ‘Abān on authority of so-and-so’. So I abandoned [listening to his Ḥadīth] and stood up [to leave]’.
I heard al-Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī saying: ‘I saw in one of the books of Affān a Ḥadīth of Hishām Abīl-Miqdām meaning a Ḥadīth of Umar bin Abd il-Azīz. [In it was written] ‘Hishām said: ‘A man said to be Yahyā bin so-and-so narrated to me, on authority of Muhammad bin Ka’b…’ [Al-Hulwānī] said, I said to Affān: ‘They would say Hishām heard it [directly] from Muhammad bin Ka’b’. So [Affān] said: ‘Indeed Hishām was stricken [with accusations of lying] with regards to this Ḥadīth for he would say ‘Yahyā narrated to me on authority of Muhammad’, then he claimed afterwards that he heard it from Muhammad [directly]’.’
I heard al-Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī saying: ‘I saw in one of the books of Affān a Ḥadīth of Hishām Abīl-Miqdām meaning a Ḥadīth of Umar bin Abd il-Azīz. [In it was written] ‘Hishām said: ‘A man said to be Yahyā bin so-and-so narrated to me, on authority of Muhammad bin Ka’b…’ [Al-Hulwānī] said, I said to Affān: ‘They would say Hishām heard it [directly] from Muhammad bin Ka’b’. So [Affān] said: ‘Indeed Hishām was stricken [with accusations of lying] with regards to this Ḥadīth for he would say ‘Yahyā narrated to me on authority of Muhammad’, then he claimed afterwards that he heard it from Muhammad [directly]’.’
حَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي خَلِيفَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى غَالِبِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَجَعَلَ يُمْلِي عَلَىَّ حَدَّثَنِي مَكْحُولٌ، حَدَّثَنِي مَكْحُولٌ، فَأَخَذَهُ الْبَوْلُ فَقَامَ فَنَظَرْتُ فِي الْكُرَّاسَةِ فَإِذَا فِيهَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبَانٌ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَأَبَانٌ عَنْ فُلاَنٍ فَتَرَكْتُهُ وَقُمْتُ .
قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيَّ، يَقُولُ رَأَيْتُ فِي كِتَابِ عَفَّانَ حَدِيثَ هِشَامٍ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ هِشَامٌ حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ فُلاَنٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَفَّانَ إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ هِشَامٌ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ . فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا ابْتُلِيَ مِنْ قِبَلِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ كَانَ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ ادَّعَى بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 41 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 40 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 42
Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Quhzādh narrated to me, he said I heard Abd Allah bin Uthmān bin Jabalah saying, I said to Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak:
‘Who is this man from whom you transmit the Ḥadīth of Abd Allah bin Amr, ‘The day of Fitr is the day of prizes…’?’ [Abd Allah] said: ‘Sulaymān bin al-Hajjāj. Look at what I placed in your hands [of praise] about him’.
Ibn Quhzādh said I heard Wahb bin Zam’ah mentioning about Sufyān bin Abd il-Mālik, he said, Abd Allah –meaning Ibn al-Mubārak- said: ‘I saw Rawh bin Ghutayf, the companion of blood the amount of a Dirham , and I took a seat in one of his audiences. Then I began to become ashamed for my companions to see me sitting with him while his Ḥadīth are disapproved of.’
Ibn Quhzādh said I heard Wahb bin Zam’ah mentioning about Sufyān bin Abd il-Mālik, he said, Abd Allah –meaning Ibn al-Mubārak- said: ‘I saw Rawh bin Ghutayf, the companion of blood the amount of a Dirham , and I took a seat in one of his audiences. Then I began to become ashamed for my companions to see me sitting with him while his Ḥadīth are disapproved of.’
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ، يَقُولُ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ مَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي رَوَيْتَ عَنْهُ، حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو " يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ يَوْمُ الْجَوَائِزِ " . قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ . انْظُرْ مَا وَضَعْتَ فِي يَدِكَ مِنْهُ .
قَالَ ابْنُ قُهْزَاذَ وَسَمِعْتُ وَهْبَ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ، يَذْكُرُ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ رَأَيْتُ رَوْحَ بْنَ غُطَيْفٍ صَاحِبَ " الدَّمِ قَدْرِ الدِّرْهَمِ " وَجَلَسْتُ إِلَيْهِ مَجْلِسًا فَجَعَلْتُ أَسْتَحْيِي مِنْ أَصْحَابِي أَنْ يَرَوْنِي جَالِسًا مَعَهُ كُرْهَ حَدِيثِهِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 42 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 41 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 43
Ibn Quhzādh narrated to me, he said, I heard Wahb [bin Zam’ah] saying, on authority of Sufyān [bin Abd il-Mālik], on authority of Ibn al-Mubārak, he said:
‘Baqiyyah [bin al-Walīd] is truthful of tongue however he transmits [Ḥadīth] from those who approach [the Muhaddithīn, i.e. are trustworthy] and from those who turn their backs on [the Muhaddithīn, i.e. and are weak]’.
حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ وَهْبًا، يَقُولُ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، قَالَ بَقِيَّةُ صَدُوقُ اللِّسَانِ وَلَكِنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ عَمَّنْ أَقْبَلَ وَأَدْبَرَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 43 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 42 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 44
Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Mughīrah, on authority of ash-Sha’bī, he said:
‘al-Hārith al-A’war ul-Hamdānī narrated to me, and he is a liar’.
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَارِثُ الأَعْوَرُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، وَكَانَ، كَذَّابًا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 44 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 43 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 45
Abū Āmir Abd Allah bin Barrād al-Ash’arī narrated to us, Abū Usāmah narrated to us, on authority of Mufaḍḍal, on authority of Mughīrah, he said I heard ash-Sha’bī saying:
‘al-Hārith al-A’war narrated to me,’ and he [ash-Sha’bī] was testifying that he was one of the liars’.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَرَّادٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ مُفَضَّلٍ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ، يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي الْحَارِثُ الأَعْوَرُ، وَهُوَ يَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 45 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 46
Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Mughīrah, on authority of Ibrāhīm [bin Yazīd an-Nakhā’ī], he said, Alqamah said:
‘I memorized the Qur’ān in two years’. Al-Hārith said: ‘The Qur’ān is easy; the revelation [i.e. the secret revelation to Alī in the belief of the Shī’ah] is more difficult ’.
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ قَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ قَرَأْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ . فَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ الْقُرْآنُ هَيِّنٌ الْوَحْىُ أَشَدُّ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 46 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 47
Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Ahmad- meaning Ibn Yūnus- narrated to us, Zā’idah narrated to us, on authority of al-A’mash, on authority of Ibrāhīm that al-Hārith said:
‘I studied the Qur’ān for three years and the revelation for two years’; or he said: ‘…the revelation in three years and the Qur’ān in two years ’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ يُونُسَ - حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ، قَالَ تَعَلَّمْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فِي ثَلاَثِ سِنِينَ وَالْوَحْىَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ - أَوْ قَالَ الْوَحْىَ فِي ثَلاَثِ سِنِينَ وَالْقُرْآنَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 47 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 48
Hajjāj narrated to me, he said Ahmad- and he is Ibn Yūnus- narrated to me, Zā’idah narrated to us, on authority of Mansūr and al-Mughīrah, on authority of Ibrāhīm that al-Hārith was imputed.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ - حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، وَالْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ، اتُّهِمَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 48 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 49
Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Hamzah az-Zayyāt, he said:
‘Murrah al-Hamdānī heard something from al-Hārith and said to him: ‘sit by the door’. [Hamzah] said: ‘So Murrah went inside and took his sword and al-Hārith sensed evil and left’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الزَّيَّاتِ، قَالَ سَمِعَ مُرَّةُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، مِنَ الْحَارِثِ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لَهُ اقْعُدْ بِالْبَابِ . قَالَ فَدَخَلَ مُرَّةُ وَأَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ - قَالَ - وَأَحَسَّ الْحَارِثُ بِالشَّرِّ فَذَهَبَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 49 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 50
Ubayd Allah bin Sa’īd narrated to me, Abd ur-Rahman- meaning Ibn Mahdī- narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Awn, he said, Ibrāhīm said to us:
‘Beware of al-Mughīrah bin Sa’īd and Abū Abd ar-Rahīm for they are both liars’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ - حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ، قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ وَأَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ فَإِنَّهُمَا كَذَّابَانِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 50 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 51
Abū Kāmil al-Jahdarī narrated to us, Hammād- and he is Ibn Zayd- narrated to us, he said Āsim [bin Bahdalah] narrated to us, he said:
‘We would catch up with Abū Abd ar-Rahman as-Sulamī and at the time we were young men, so he would say to us: ‘Do not sit with story-tellers other than Abūl-Ahwas and beware of Shaqīq [Abū Abd ar-Rahīm]’. [Muslim] said: ‘This Shaqīq held the view of the Khawārij and is not Abū Wā’il [Shaqīq bin Salamah, the righteous Tabi’ī]’.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ - قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمٌ، قَالَ كُنَّا نَأْتِي أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيَّ وَنَحْنُ غِلْمَةٌ أَيْفَاعٌ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَنَا لاَ تُجَالِسُوا الْقُصَّاصَ غَيْرَ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَشَقِيقًا . قَالَ وَكَانَ شَقِيقٌ هَذَا يَرَى رَأْىَ الْخَوَارِجِ وَلَيْسَ بِأَبِي وَائِلٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 51 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 52
Abū Ghassān Muhammad bin Amr ar-Rāzī narrated to us, he said, I heard Jarīr [bin Abd al-Hamīd bin Qurt aḍ-Ḍabbī] saying:
‘I met Jābir bin Yazīd al-Ju’fī and did not write [Ḥadīth] from him; he believed in ar-Raj’ah’ [A Rāfiḍī belief regarding Alī returning].
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَرِيرًا، يَقُولُ لَقِيتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الْجُعْفِيَّ فَلَمْ أَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِالرَّجْعَةِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 52 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 53
Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Yahyā bin Ādam narrated to us, Mis’ar narrated to us, he said:
‘Jābir bin Yazīd narrated to us before there took place what happened [i.e. before his false beliefs] ’.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا جَابِرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ، مَا أَحْدَثَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 53 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 54
Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said:
‘The people would transmit from Jābir before there appeared what appeared, then when there appeared what appeared, the people imputed him in his Ḥadīth and some of the people abandoned him’. So it was said to [Sufyān]: ‘What appeared?’ [Sufyān] said: ‘Belief in ar-Raj’ah’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّاسُ يَحْمِلُونَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ، مَا أَظْهَرَ فَلَمَّا أَظْهَرَ مَا أَظْهَرَ اتَّهَمَهُ النَّاسُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَتَرَكَهُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا أَظْهَرَ قَالَ الإِيمَانَ بِالرَّجْعَةِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 54 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 55
Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Abū Yahyā al-Himmānī narrated to us, Qabīsah and his brother [Sufyān bin Uqbah] narrated to us, that they heard al-Jarrāh bin Malīh saying, I heard Jābir say:
‘I have 70,000 Ḥadīth all of which are on authority of Abū Ja’far on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ، وَأَخُوهُ، أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا الْجَرَّاحَ بْنَ مَلِيحٍ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، يَقُولُ عِنْدِي سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كُلُّهَا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 55 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 56
Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Ahmad bin Yūnus narrated to us, he said, I heard Zuhayr saying, Jābir said, or, I heard Jābir saying:
‘Indeed I have fifty thousand Ḥadīth that I have not narrated from at all’. [Zuhayr] said: ‘Then that day he related a Ḥadīth and said, ‘This is from the fifty thousand’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ زُهَيْرًا، يَقُولُ قَالَ جَابِرٌ - أَوْ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، يَقُولُ - إِنَّ عِنْدِي لَخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ مَا حَدَّثْتُ مِنْهَا بِشَىْءٍ . قَالَ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ يَوْمًا بِحَدِيثٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا مِنَ الْخَمْسِينَ أَلْفًا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 56 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 57
Ibrāhīm bin Khālid al-Yashkurī narrated to me, he said, I heard Abūl-Walīd saying, I heard Sallām bin Abī Mutī’ saying, I heard Jābir al-Ju’fī saying:
‘I have fifty thousand Ḥadīth on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْيَشْكُرِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ سَلاَّمَ بْنَ أَبِي مُطِيعٍ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا الْجُعْفِيَّ، يَقُولُ عِنْدِي خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 57 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 58
Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said, I heard a man ask Jābir about the verse:
{Thus I will never depart from the land until my father permits me or Allah decides for me, and He is the best of Judges}[Yūsuf: 80]. Jābir said: ‘An interpretation has not come to me about these [verses]’. Sufyān said: ‘He lied’. We said to Sufyān: ‘What did he mean by this?’ [Sufyān] said: ‘Indeed the Rāfiḍah say, ‘Alī is in the clouds and we will not emerge along with he who will emerge from his children [the Khalīfah] until a caller calls from the heaven, meaning Alī: ‘Ride out along with so-and-so [meaning the promised Mahdī]’. Jābir said, ‘that is an interpretation for these verses’, and he would lie as they were regarding the brothers of Yūsuf, peace be upon him’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلاً، سَأَلَ جَابِرًا عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ { فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ} فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ لَمْ يَجِئْ تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ . قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَكَذَبَ . فَقُلْنَا لِسُفْيَانَ وَمَا أَرَادَ بِهَذَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ الرَّافِضَةَ تَقُولُ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فِي السَّحَابِ فَلاَ نَخْرُجُ مَعَ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ حَتَّى يُنَادِيَ مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ . يُرِيدُ عَلِيًّا أَنَّهُ يُنَادِي اخْرُجُوا مَعَ فُلاَنٍ . يَقُولُ جَابِرٌ فَذَا تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ وَكَذَبَ كَانَتْ فِي إِخْوَةِ يُوسُفَ صلى الله عليه وسلم .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 58 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 59
Salamah narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said:
‘I heard Jābir talking about something like 30,000 Ḥadīth [that] I did not regard as permissible to mention anything from, and that to me was like this and that [Ḥadīth].’
Muslim said, I heard Abū Ghassān Muhammad bin Amr ar-Rāzī say, ‘I asked Jarīr bin Abd il-Hamīd: ‘Did you meet al-Hārith bin Hasīrah? He said: ‘Yes, [he is a] Shaykh of lengthy silence; he persisted in a grave matter.’
Muslim said, I heard Abū Ghassān Muhammad bin Amr ar-Rāzī say, ‘I asked Jarīr bin Abd il-Hamīd: ‘Did you meet al-Hārith bin Hasīrah? He said: ‘Yes, [he is a] Shaykh of lengthy silence; he persisted in a grave matter.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، يُحَدِّثُ بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ مَا أَسْتَحِلُّ أَنْ أَذْكُرَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا وَأَنَّ لِي كَذَا وَكَذَا .
قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا غَسَّانَ، مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيَّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ فَقُلْتُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ حَصِيرَةَ لَقِيتَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ . شَيْخٌ طَوِيلُ السُّكُوتِ يُصِرُّ عَلَى أَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 59 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 60
Ahmad bin Ibrāhīm ad-Dawraqī narrated to me, he said Abd ur-Rahman bin Mahdī narrated to me, on authority Hammād bin Zayd, he said, Ayyūb mentioned a man one day and said [about him]:
‘He is not upright in speech [i.e. he lies]’, and he mentioned another [person] and said: ‘He adds to records [i.e. he lies]’.
حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ ذَكَرَ أَيُّوبُ رَجُلاً يَوْمًا فَقَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِمُسْتَقِيمِ اللِّسَانِ وَذَكَرَ آخَرَ فَقَالَ هُوَ يَزِيدُ فِي الرَّقْمِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 60 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 61
Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, he said, Ayyūb said:
‘Indeed I have a neighbor’ and he mentioned some of his virtues, [and continued] ‘…even if he testified to me about two dates I would not see his testimony as permissible’.
حَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ إِنَّ لِي جَارًا - ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ - وَلَوْ شَهِدَ عِنْدِي عَلَى تَمْرَتَيْنِ مَا رَأَيْتُ شَهَادَتَهُ جَائِزَةً .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 61 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 62
Muhammad bin Rāfi’ and Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, they said Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, he said Ma’mar said:
‘I did not see Ayyūb speaking ill of anyone, ever, except for Abd al-Karīm- meaning Abū Umayyah’. So he mentioned him and said, may Allah have mercy on him ‘He is not trustworthy- he had asked me about a Ḥadīth of Ikrimah then said ‘I heard from Ikrimah’ [when relating the Ḥadīth].’
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، وَحَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَيُّوبَ اغْتَابَ أَحَدًا قَطُّ إِلاَّ عَبْدَ الْكَرِيمِ - يَعْنِي أَبَا أُمَيَّةَ - فَإِنَّهُ ذَكَرَهُ فَقَالَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ كَانَ غَيْرَ ثِقَةٍ لَقَدْ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ حَدِيثٍ لِعِكْرِمَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عِكْرِمَةَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 62 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 63
Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said Affān bin Muslim narrated to us, Hammām narrated to us, he said, Abū Dāwud al-A’mā came to us and began saying:
‘Al-Barā’ [bin Āzib, the Companion] narrated to us’; he said: ‘Zayd bin Arqam narrated to us’- and he mentioned that [those chains] to Qatādah. [Qatādah] said ‘He lied; he did not hear from them. He would beg the people asking [about Ḥadīth] at the time of the plague’ [circa 67H].
حَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الأَعْمَى فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنَا الْبَرَاءُ، قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ، . فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لِقَتَادَةَ فَقَالَ كَذَبَ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ سَائِلاً يَتَكَفَّفُ النَّاسَ زَمَنَ طَاعُونِ الْجَارِفِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 63 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 64
Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī narrated to me, he said Yazīd bin Hārūn narrated to us, Hammām informed us, he said ‘Abū Dāwud al-A’mā entered upon Qatādah and when he stood, they said:
‘Indeed this one alleges he has met eighteen of the warriors of the battle of Badr’. Qatādah said: ‘This one was barely asking [about Ḥadīth] before the plague; he did not attend to anything from [seeking Ḥadīth] and he did not speak [to any scholars] regarding it. By Allah, al-Hasan did not narrate to us from a witness of the battle of Badr without an intermediary; and Sa’īd bin al-Musayyib did not narrate to us from a witness of the battle of Badr without an intermediary except from Sa’d bin Mālik’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، قَالَ دَخَلَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الأَعْمَى عَلَى قَتَادَةَ فَلَمَّا قَامَ قَالُوا إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ لَقِيَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ بَدْرِيًّا . فَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ هَذَا كَانَ سَائِلاً قَبْلَ الْجَارِفِ لاَ يَعْرِضُ فِي شَىْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا وَلاَ يَتَكَلَّمُ فِيهِ . فَوَاللَّهِ مَا حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ عَنْ بَدْرِيٍّ مُشَافَهَةً . وَلاَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ بَدْرِيٍّ مُشَافَهَةً إِلاَّ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 64 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 65
Uthmān bin Abī Shaybah narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Raqabah that ‘Abū Ja’far al-Hāshimī al-Madanī was fabricating narrations with words of truth, and they were not from the narrations of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, though he was transmitting them on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him.’
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ رَقَبَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الْهَاشِمِيَّ الْمَدَنِيَّ، كَانَ يَضَعُ أَحَادِيثَ كَلاَمَ حَقٍّ وَلَيْسَتْ مِنْ أَحَادِيثِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَكَانَ يَرْوِيهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 65 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 66
Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said Nu’aym bin Hammād narrated to us, he said Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm bin Muhammad bin Sufyān said; and Muhammad bin Yahyā narrated to us, he said, Nu’aym bin Hammād narrated to us, Abū Dāwud at-Tayālisī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of Yūnus bin Ubayd, he said:
‘Amr bin Ubayd would lie regarding Ḥadīth’.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ كَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ يَكْذِبُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 66 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 67
Amr bin Alī Abū Hafs narrated to me, he said I heard Mu’ādh bin Mu’ādh saying, I said to Awf bin Abī Jamīlah ‘Indeed Amr bin Ubayd narrated to us on authority of al-Hasan that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said:
‘Whoever carries arms against us then he is not from us’. [Awf bin Abī Jamīlah] said ‘Amr lied, by Allah. Rather he intended it as a way to permit his filthy opinion.’
حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَبُو حَفْصٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُعَاذَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ، يَقُولُ قُلْتُ لِعَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ
" مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلاَحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا " قَالَ كَذَبَ وَاللَّهِ عَمْرٌو وَلَكِنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَحُوزَهَا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْخَبِيثِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 67 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 68
Ubayd Allah bin Umar al-Qawārīrī narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, he said:
‘A man kept company with Ayyūb and listened [to Ḥadīth] from him, but then Ayyūb did not find him [one day]. [When Ayyūb asked, the people] said: ‘Oh Abā Bakr, indeed he keeps company with Amr bin Ubayd [now]’. Hammād said: ‘One day we were with Ayyūb, and we went to the market early in the morning. A man came to meet Ayyūb so he gave Salām to him, asked how he was doing, and then Ayyūb said to him: ‘It reached me that you kept company with that man’. Hammād said: ‘[Ayyūb] designated him, that is to say ‘Amr’.’ [The man] said: ‘Yes, Oh Abā Bakr. Indeed he came to us with strange things [i.e. reports]’. Ayyūb said to him: ‘Indeed we flee…’ or ‘…we fear from these strange things [transmissions]’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ لَزِمَ أَيُّوبَ وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ فَفَقَدَهُ أَيُّوبُ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّهُ قَدْ لَزِمَ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ . قَالَ حَمَّادٌ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا يَوْمًا مَعَ أَيُّوبَ وَقَدْ بَكَّرْنَا إِلَى السُّوقِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَيُّوبُ وَسَأَلَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ أَيُّوبُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ لَزِمْتَ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلَ . قَالَ حَمَّادٌ سَمَّاهُ . يَعْنِي عَمْرًا . قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّهُ يَجِيئُنَا بِأَشْيَاءَ غَرَائِبَ . قَالَ يَقُولُ لَهُ أَيُّوبُ إِنَّمَا نَفِرُّ أَوْ نَفْرَقُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْغَرَائِبِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 68 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 69
Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, Ibn Zayd, rather Hammād, narrated to us, he said, it was said to Ayyūb, ‘Indeed Amr bin Ubayd transmitted on authority of al-Hasan that he said:
‘There is no flogging the one who gets drunk from Nabīdh’.’ [Ayyūb] said: ‘He lied, for I heard al-Hasan saying, ‘Flog the one who gets drunk from Nabīdh’.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ زَيْدٍ، - يَعْنِي حَمَّادًا - قَالَ قِيلَ لأَيُّوبَ إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ رَوَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ لاَ يُجْلَدُ السَّكْرَانُ مِنَ النَّبِيذِ . فَقَالَ كَذَبَ أَنَا سَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ يَقُولُ يُجْلَدُ السَّكْرَانُ مِنَ النَّبِيذِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 69 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 70
Hajjāj narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, he said, I heard Sallām bin Abī Mutī’ saying, it reached Ayyūb that I would go to Amr so he turned to me and said:
‘Have you seen a man whose Dīn you do not trust- how do you trust him regarding Ḥadīth?’
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَلاَّمَ بْنَ أَبِي مُطِيعٍ، يَقُولُ بَلَغَ أَيُّوبَ أَنِّي آتِي عَمْرًا فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَىَّ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلاً لاَ تَأْمَنُهُ عَلَى دِينِهِ كَيْفَ تَأْمَنُهُ عَلَى الْحَدِيثِ
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 70 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 71
Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said I heard Abū Mūsā [Isrā’īl bin Mūsā al-Basrī] saying:
‘Amr bin Ubayd narrated to us before what happened’ [i.e. before he became Mu’tazilī].
وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مُوسَى، يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ، .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 71 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 72
Ubayd Allah bin Mu’ādh al-Anbarī narrated to me, my father narrated to us, he said:
‘I wrote to Shu’bah asking him about Abū Shaybah , a judge of Wāsit, so he wrote to me: ‘Do not write anything from him [of Ḥadīth] and tear up my letter [to you about this]’.
حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي قَالَ، كَتَبْتُ إِلَى شُعْبَةَ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، قَاضِي وَاسِطٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَىَّ لاَ تَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا وَمَزِّقْ كِتَابِي .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 72 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 73
Al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Affān [bin Muslim] say:
‘I narrated to Hammād bin Salamah [bin Dīnār al-Basrī], on authority of Sālih al-Murrī , a Ḥadīth on authority of Thābit [bin Aslam al-Banānī], then [Hammād] said: ‘[Sālih] lied’. I also narrated to Hammām on authority of Sālih al-Murrī a Ḥadīth then [Hammām] said: ‘[Sālih] lied’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَفَّانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْمُرِّيِّ، بِحَدِيثٍ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، فَقَالَ كَذَبَ . وَحَدَّثْتُ هَمَّامًا، عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْمُرِّيِّ، بِحَدِيثٍ فَقَالَ كَذَبَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 73 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 72 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 74
Mahmūd bin Ghaylān narrated to us, Abū Dāwud narrated to us, he said, Shu’bah said to me:
‘Go to Jarīr bin Hāzim and say to him, ‘It is not allowed for you to transmit from al-Hasan bin Umārah for indeed he lies’.’ Abū Dāwud said, I said to Shu’bah: ‘And how do you know that?’ So [Shu’bah] said: ‘He narrated to us on authority of al-Hakam things that were not found to have any basis’. [Abū Dāwud] said: ‘What things?’ [Shu’bah] said, I said to al-Hakam: ‘Did the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, pray over the martyrs of Uhud?’ [al-Hakam] said: ‘He did not pray over them’. Al-Hasan bin Umārah said, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Miqsam, on authority of Ibn Abbās: ‘Indeed the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, prayed over them and buried them ’. I [Shu’bah] said to al-Hakam: ‘What do you say about the children born from fornication?’ [Al-Hakam] said: ‘Pray over them ’. I [Shu’bah] said: ‘From whose Ḥadīth is it transmitted?’ [Al-Hakam] said: ‘It is transmitted on authority of al-Hasan al-Basrī’.’ Al-Hasan bin Umārah said: ‘Al-Hakam narrated to us, on authority of Yahyā bin al-Jazzār, on authority of Alī.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ قَالَ لِي شُعْبَةُ ايتِ جَرِيرَ بْنَ حَازِمٍ فَقُلْ لَهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَرْوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ فَإِنَّهُ يَكْذِبُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قُلْتُ لِشُعْبَةَ وَكَيْفَ ذَاكَ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ أَجِدْ لَهَا أَصْلاً . قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ بِأَىِّ شَىْءٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِلْحَكَمِ أَصَلَّى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ فَقَالَ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ . فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم صَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ وَدَفَنَهُمْ . قُلْتُ لِلْحَكَمِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَوْلاَدِ الزِّنَا قَالَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ . قُلْتُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَنْ يُرْوَى قَالَ يُرْوَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ . فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْجَزَّارِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 74 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 73 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 75
Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Yazīd bin Hārūn mention Ziyād bin Maymūn, and he said:
‘I swore that I would not transmit anything from him or Khālid bin Mahdūj’. [Yazīd] said: ‘I met Ziyād bin Maymūn and asked him about a Ḥadīth, so he narrated it to me on authority of Bakr al-Muzanī, then I returned to him and he narrated [the same Ḥadīth] to me on authority of Muwarriq; then I returned to him and he narrated it to me on authority of al-Hasan.’ [Al-Hulwānī said]: ‘He [Yazīd] would charge both of them with lying [i.e. Ziyād bin Maymūn and Khālid bin Mahdūj].’
Al-Hulwānī said: ‘I heard [Ḥadīth] from Abd as-Samad and I mentioned Ziyād bin Maymūn near him and he charged him with lying’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ هَارُونَ، . وَذَكَرَ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ فَقَالَ حَلَفْتُ أَلاَّ أَرْوِيَ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا وَلاَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَحْدُوجٍ . وَقَالَ لَقِيتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حَدِيثٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنْ بَكْرٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ ثُمَّ عُدْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنْ مُوَرِّقٍ ثُمَّ عُدْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ . وَكَانَ يَنْسُبُهُمَا إِلَى الْكَذِبِ . قَالَ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الصَّمَدِ وَذَكَرْتُ عِنْدَهُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ فَنَسَبَهُ إِلَى الْكَذِبِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 75 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 74 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 76
Mahmūd bin Ghaylān narrated to us, he said, I said to Abū Dāwud at-Tayālisī:
‘You transmit a great deal on authority of Abbād bin Mansūr - so how is it that you did not hear the Ḥadīth of ‘the lady perfume seller’ from him which an-Naḍr bin Shumayl transmitted to us?’ [Abū Dāwud] said to me: ‘Be quiet, for Abd ar-Rahma bin Mahdī and I met Ziyād bin Maymūn and asked him, saying to him, ‘Are these Ḥadīth you transmit on authority of Anas?’ [Ziyād] said: ‘Have you seen a man sin and then repent- does Allah not turn to him?’ [Abū Dāwud] said: ‘We said, ‘Yes’.’ [Ziyād] said: ‘I did not hear from Anas whether a little or a lot; if the people did not know, then you two would not know that I did not meet Anas’. Abū Dāwud said: ‘So it reached us afterwards that he was transmitting [from Anas], then Abd ar-Rahman and I went to him and he said: ‘I repented’. Then afterwards he was narrating [again in the same fashion] so we abandoned him ’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ قَدْ أَكْثَرْتَ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ فَمَا لَكَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ حَدِيثَ الْعَطَّارَةِ الَّذِي رَوَى لَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ قَالَ لِيَ اسْكُتْ فَأَنَا لَقِيتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ هَذِهِ الأَحَادِيثُ الَّتِي تَرْوِيهَا عَنْ أَنَسٍ فَقَالَ أَرَأَيْتُمَا رَجُلاً يُذْنِبُ فَيَتُوبُ أَلَيْسَ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ . قَالَ مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ أَنَسٍ مِنْ ذَا قَلِيلاً وَلاَ كَثِيرًا إِنْ كَانَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ النَّاسُ فَأَنْتُمَا لاَ تَعْلَمَانِ أَنِّي لَمْ أَلْقَ أَنَسًا . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَبَلَغَنَا بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ يَرْوِي فَأَتَيْنَاهُ أَنَا وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقَالَ أَتُوبُ . ثُمَّ كَانَ بَعْدُ يُحَدِّثُ . فَتَرَكْنَاهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 76 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 75 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 77
Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Shabābah say:
‘Abd ul-Quddūs was narrating to us saying,‘Suwayd bin Aqalah said…’ [when it should be ‘bin Ghafalah’] Shabābah said: ‘And I heard Abd ul-Quddūs saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, prohibited taking a Rawḥ by accident’. [Shabābah] said: ‘So it was said to him, ‘What does this mean?’ [Abd ul-Quddūs] said: ‘It means to make an opening in a wall [thus letting] a breeze enter [by accident]’.’ [He changed the original Ḥadīth, switching ‘Rūḥ’ meaning ‘soul’ to ‘Rawḥ’ or ‘breeze’, and he switched ‘Gharaḍān’ meaning ‘as a target’ to ‘Arḍān’ or ‘accidentally’. All simply by changing a few letters in the words]
Muslim said, I heard Ubayd Allah bin Umar al-Qawārīrī saying, I heard Hammād bin Zayd saying to a man after he sat with Mahdī bin Hilāl for days: ‘What is this salty well [i.e. useless or harmful] which has sprung up in your direction?’ He said: ‘Yes, oh Abā Ismā’īl [in agreement]’.
Muslim said, I heard Ubayd Allah bin Umar al-Qawārīrī saying, I heard Hammād bin Zayd saying to a man after he sat with Mahdī bin Hilāl for days: ‘What is this salty well [i.e. useless or harmful] which has sprung up in your direction?’ He said: ‘Yes, oh Abā Ismā’īl [in agreement]’.
حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ شَبَابَةَ، قَالَ كَانَ عَبْدُ الْقُدُّوسِ يُحَدِّثُنَا فَيَقُولُ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ عَقَلَةَ . قَالَ شَبَابَةُ وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الْقُدُّوسِ يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّ يُتَّخَذَ الرَّوْحُ عَرْضًا . قَالَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَىُّ شَىْءٍ هَذَا قَالَ يَعْنِي تُتَّخَذُ كُوَّةٌ فِي حَائِطٍ لِيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِ الرَّوْحُ .
قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ وَسَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيَّ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، يَقُولُ لِرَجُلٍ بَعْدَ مَا جَلَسَ مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ بِأَيَّامٍ مَا هَذِهِ الْعَيْنُ الْمَالِحَةُ الَّتِي نَبَعَتْ قِبَلَكُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا إِسْمَاعِيلَ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 77 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 76 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 78
Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Affān say, I heard Abū Awānah say:
‘A Ḥadīth did not reach me on authority of al-Hasan except I presented it to Abān bin Abī Ayyāsh , then he read it to me ’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَفَّانَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَوَانَةَ، قَالَ مَا بَلَغَنِي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، حَدِيثٌ إِلاَّ أَتَيْتُ بِهِ أَبَانَ بْنَ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَىَّ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 78 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 77 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 79
Suwayd bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Alī bin Mus’hir narrated to us, he said:
‘Hamzah az-Zayyāt and I heard from Abān bin Abī Ayyāsh something like one thousand Ḥadīth’. Alī said: ‘So I met Hamzah then he informed me that he saw the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, [in a dream], and he produced for him what he heard from Abān. However he [the Prophet] didn’t recognize any except a small amount [like] five or six [Ḥadīth]’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَنَا وَحَمْزَةُ الزَّيَّاتُ، مِنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ نَحْوًا مِنْ أَلْفِ حَدِيثٍ . قَالَ عَلِيٌّ فَلَقِيتُ حَمْزَةَ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْمَنَامِ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبَانَ فَمَا عَرَفَ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ شَيْئًا يَسِيرًا خَمْسَةً أَوْ سِتَّةً .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 79 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 78 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 80
Abd Allah bin Abd ar-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Zakariyyā’ bin Adī informed us, he said, Abū Ishāq al-Fazarī said to me:
‘Write from Baqiyyah what he transmits on authority of those who are well-known, and do not write from him what he transmits on authority of those who are not; do not write from Ismā’īl bin Ayyāsh what he transmits on authority of those who are well-known or otherwise ’.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ اكْتُبْ عَنْ بَقِيَّةَ، مَا رَوَى عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلاَ تَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ مَا رَوَى عَنْ غَيْرِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلاَ تَكْتُبْ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ، مَا رَوَى عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلاَ عَنْ غَيْرِهِمْ، .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 80 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 79 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 81
Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm al-Hanthalī [bin Rāhwayh] narrated to us, he said, I heard one of the companions of Abd Allah [bin al-Mubārak] say, Ibn al-Mubārak said:
‘What an excellent man is Baqiyyah, if it were not for the fact that he would provide a nickname for [those who were better-known by] the birth name, and he would provide the birth name for [those who were better-known by] a nickname. For a long time he would narrated to us on authority of Abī Sa’īd al-Wuhāthī, then when we investigated [we were surprised that] he was Abd ul-Quddūs ’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ، أَصْحَابِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ بَقِيَّةُ لَوْلاَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْنِي الأَسَامِيَ وَيُسَمِّي الْكُنَى كَانَ دَهْرًا يُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْوُحَاظِيِّ فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا هُوَ عَبْدُ الْقُدُّوسِ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 81 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 80 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 82
Ahmad bin Yūsuf al-Azdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Abd ar-Razzāq saying:
‘I did not see Ibn al-Mubārak express so plainly the charge of ‘lying’ except towards Abd ul-Quddūs; for indeed I heard him saying to him ‘[You are] a liar’.’
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الأَزْدِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّزَّاقِ، يَقُولُ مَا رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ يُفْصِحُ بِقَوْلِهِ كَذَّابٌ إِلاَّ لِعَبْدِ الْقُدُّوسِ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَهُ كَذَّابٌ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 82 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 81 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 83
Abd Allah bin Abd ar-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to me, he said:
‘I heard Abū Nu’aym and he mentioned al-Mu’allā bin Urfān, so [Abū Nu’aym] said, [al-Mu’allā] said: ‘Abū Wā’il narrated to us, he said ‘Ibn Mas’ūd attacked us on the day of Siffīn’. So Abū Nu’aym said: ‘Do you think he was raised after death? [Ibn Mas’ūd passed away in 32 or 33H, several years before the day in question]
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا نُعَيْمٍ، . وَذَكَرَ الْمُعَلَّى بْنَ عُرْفَانَ فَقَالَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو وَائِلٍ، قَالَ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ بِصِفِّينَ . فَقَالَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ أَتُرَاهُ بُعِثَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 83 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 82 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 84
Amr bin Alī and Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to me, both of them on authority of Affān bin Muslim, he said:
‘We were near Ismā’īl bin Ulayyah, and a man narrated on authority of another man, so I said: ‘Indeed this is not reliable (Thabt)’. So the man said: ‘Are you backbiting him?’ Ismā’īl said: ‘He is not backbiting him; rather he is judging him unreliable’.
حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، وَحَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ عَفَّانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ فَحَدَّثَ رَجُلٌ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ . قَالَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ اغْتَبْتَهُ . قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ مَا اغْتَابَهُ . وَلَكِنَّهُ حَكَمَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 84 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 83 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 85
Abū Ja’far ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Bishr bin Umar narrated to us, he said:
‘I asked Mālik bin Anas about Muhammad bin Abd ar-Rahman who transmits on authority of Sa’īd bin al-Musayyib, so he said: ‘He is not trustworthy ‘. I asked him about Sālih, a freed slave of at-Taw’amah, then he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Abūl-Huwayrith , and he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Shu’bah on whose authority Ibn Abī Dhi’b transmitted, and he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Harām bin Uthmān , and he said ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked Mālik about these five and he said: ‘They are not trustworthy in terms of their Ḥadīth’. I asked him about another man whose name I forget just now, and he said: ‘Did you see him in my book?’ I said: ‘No’. [Then] he said: ‘If he was trustworthy you would see him in my book’.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الَّذِي، يَرْوِي عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ . وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَالِحٍ، مَوْلَى التَّوْأَمَةِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ . وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْحُوَيْرِثِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ . وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ . وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ . وَسَأَلْتُ مَالِكًا عَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الْخَمْسَةِ فَقَالَ لَيْسُوا بِثِقَةٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِمْ . وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ نَسِيتُ اسْمَهُ فَقَالَ هَلْ رَأَيْتَهُ فِي كُتُبِي قُلْتُ لاَ . قَالَ لَوْ كَانَ ثِقَةً لَرَأَيْتَهُ فِي كُتُبِي .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 85 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 84 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 86
Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said:
‘Yahyā bin Ma’īn narrated to me, Hajjāj narrated to us, Ibn Abī Dhi’b narrated to us on authority of Shurahbīl bin Sa’d , and he was imputed [with lying regarding Ḥadīth near the end of his life]’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، وَكَانَ، مُتَّهَمًا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 86 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 85 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 87
Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Quhzādh narrated to me, he said, I heard Abū Ishāq at-Tālqānī saying, I heard Ibn al-Mubārak saying:
‘If I had to choose between entering Paradise and meeting Abd Allah bin Muharrar, I would have chosen to meet him, then enter Paradise. Then when I saw him, dung was more preferred to me than him’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيَّ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ لَوْ خُيِّرْتُ بَيْنَ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَبَيْنَ أَنْ أَلْقَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مُحَرَّرٍ لاَخْتَرْتُ أَنْ أَلْقَاهُ ثُمَّ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ كَانَتْ بَعْرَةٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَىَّ مِنْهُ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 87 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 86 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 88
Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, Walīd bin Sālih narrated to us, he said, Ubayd Allah bin Amr said, Zayd- meaning Ibn Abī Unaysah – said:
‘Do not take [Ḥadīth] from my brother ’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَلِيدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، قَالَ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو قَالَ زَيْدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ لاَ تَأْخُذُوا عَنْ أَخِي، .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 88 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 87 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 89
Ahmad bin Ibrāhīm ad-Dawraqī narrated to me, he said, Abd us-Salām al-Wābisī narrated to me, he said, Abd Allah bin Ja’far ar-Raqqī narrated to me, on authority of Ubayd Allah bin Amr, he said:
‘Yahyā bin Abī Unaysah was a liar’.
حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ السَّلاَمِ الْوَابِصِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ كَذَّابًا .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 89 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 88 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 90
Ahmad bin Ibrāhīm narrated to me, he said, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to me, on authority of Hammād bin Zayd, he said, Farqad was mentioned near Ayyūb, so he said:
‘Indeed Farqad is not a companion of Ḥadīth’.
حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ ذُكِرَ فَرْقَدٌ عِنْدَ أَيُّوبَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ فَرْقَدًا لَيْسَ صَاحِبَ حَدِيثٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 90 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 89 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 91
Abd ur-Rahman bin Bishr al-Abdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Ubayd bin Umayr al-Laythī was mentioned near Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, so he weakened him severely. Then it was said to Yahyā:
‘More weak than Ya’qūb bin Atā ’?’ He said: ‘Yes’. Then he said: ‘I did not see anyone transmitting on authority of Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Ubayd bin Umayr’.
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ فَضَعَّفَهُ جِدًّا . فَقِيلَ لِيَحْيَى أَضْعَفُ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ . ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا كُنْتُ أُرَى أَنَّ أَحَدًا يَرْوِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 91 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 90 |
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Sahih Muslim Introduction 92
Bishr bin al-Hakam narrated to me, he said, I heard Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān weaken Hakīm bin Jubayr and Abd al-A’lā; and he weakened Yahyā Mūsā bin Dīnār [there is no ‘bin’ between ‘Yahyā’ and ‘Mūsā’]; [Yahyā] said:
‘His Ḥadīth are Rīh or ‘wind’ [i.e., not established and weak]. [Yahyā] weakened Mūsā bin Dihqān and Īsā bin Abī Īsā al-Madanī. [Muslim] said, ‘I heard al-Hasan bin Īsā saying ‘Ibn al-Mubārak said to me: ‘When you go to Jarīr then write down all of his knowledge except the Ḥadīth of 3 [people] - do not write the Ḥadīth of Ubaydah bin Mu’attib, as-Sarī bin Ismā’īl, or Muhammad bin Sālim’.’
حَدَّثَنِي بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، ضَعَّفَ حَكِيمَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ وَعَبْدَ الأَعْلَى وَضَعَّفَ يَحْيَى مُوسَى بْنَ دِينَارٍ قَالَ حَدِيثُهُ رِيحٌ . وَضَعَّفَ مُوسَى بْنَ دِهْقَانَ وَعِيسَى بْنَ أَبِي عِيسَى الْمَدَنِيَّ . قَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عِيسَى، يَقُولُ قَالَ لِيَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ إِذَا قَدِمْتَ عَلَى جَرِيرٍ فَاكْتُبْ عِلْمَهُ كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ حَدِيثَ ثَلاَثَةٍ لاَ تَكْتُبْ حَدِيثَ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ وَالسَّرِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ .
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim Introduction 92 |
| In-book reference | : Introduction, Narration 91 |
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Muslim said: Similar instances to what we mentioned from the words of Ahl ul-Ilm regarding those transmitters who are imputed in Ḥadīth, and reports about their defects, are great in number, it would lengthen this book to mention its investigation, and what we [already] mentioned should be sufficient for whoever reflects upon and understands the way of the people [Muhaddithīn] in terms of what they said and clarified of all of that.
Indeed [the Muhaddithīn] concerned themselves with the unveiling of the defects of transmitters of Ḥadīth and narrators of reports; they delivered verdicts in that at the time they were asked when there was a great danger involved considering that the reports are regarding affairs of the Dīn; whether [the transmissions] present a permission or proscription, a command or prohibition, encouragement or admonition.
If the transmitter for it is not a source of truthfulness or reliability, then those who know [his condition], who risk transmitting on his authority, and not declaring [his condition] to others whom are ignorant of his [state], are sinning through doing that, and deceiving the common Muslims, since he should not feel secure in that some of those who heard these reports will act upon them, or act upon some of them, and perhaps they are lies which have no basis, or a majority of them; this along with the fact that authentic reports from the trustworthy chains and the people who are satisfactory [to the majority of Ahl ul-Ilm] are in too great a number to compel relating from those who are not trustworthy and who are not satisfactory.
I do not think highly of those who would permit from the people what we described of these weak narrations and unknown chains, and who judge by these transmissions after knowing what is in them of those who are imputed and weak unless he, through his conveyance and judgment by them, desires to accumulate [status] through that among the commoners, or that it can be said, ‘How great is the number of Ḥadīth that so-and-so has gathered and compiled!’. Those who held this ideology regarding knowledge and traversed this path have no share in it and that they were designated as being ignorant is more deserving than for them to be attributed to knowledge.
قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ وَأَشْبَاهُ مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ كَلاَمِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي مُتَّهَمِي رُوَاةِ الْحَدِيثِ وَإِخْبَارِهِمْ عَنْ مَعَايِبِهِمْ كَثِيرٌ يَطُولُ الْكِتَابُ بِذِكْرِهِ عَلَى اسْتِقْصَائِهِ وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا كِفَايَةٌ لِمَنْ تَفَهَّمَ وَعَقَلَ مَذْهَبَ الْقَوْمِ فِيمَا قَالُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَبَيَّنُوا.
وَإِنَّمَا أَلْزَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمُ الْكَشْفَ عَنْ مَعَايِبِ رُوَاةِ الْحَدِيثِ وَنَاقِلِي الأَخْبَارِ وَأَفْتَوْا بِذَلِكَ حِينَ سُئِلُوا لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ عَظِيمِ الْخَطَرِ إِذِ الأَخْبَارُ فِي أَمْرِ الدِّينِ إِنَّمَا تَأْتِي بِتَحْلِيلٍ أَوْ تَحْرِيمٍ أَوْ أَمْرٍ أَوْ نَهْىٍ أَوْ تَرْغِيبٍ أَوْ تَرْهِيبٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ الرَّاوِي لَهَا لَيْسَ بِمَعْدِنٍ لِلصِّدْقِ وَالأَمَانَةِ ثُمَّ أَقْدَمَ عَلَى الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْهُ مَنْ قَدْ عَرَفَهُ وَلَمْ يُبَيِّنْ مَا فِيهِ لِغَيْرِهِ مِمَّنْ جَهِلَ مَعْرِفَتَهُ كَانَ آثِمًا بِفِعْلِهِ ذَلِكَ غَاشًّا لِعَوَامِّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذْ لاَ يُؤْمَنُ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَنْ سَمِعَ تِلْكَ الأَخْبَارَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَهَا أَوْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ بَعْضَهَا وَلَعَلَّهَا أَوْ أَكْثَرَهَا أَكَاذِيبُ لاَ أَصْلَ لَهَا مَعَ أَنَّ الأَخْبَارَ الصِّحَاحَ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الثِّقَاتِ وَأَهْلِ الْقَنَاعَةِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ أَنْ يُضْطَرَّ إِلَى نَقْلِ مَنْ لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ وَلاَ مَقْنَعٍ.
وَلاَ أَحْسِبُ كَثِيرًا مِمَّنْ يُعَرِّجُ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى مَا وَصَفْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَحَادِيثِ الضِّعَافِ وَالأَسَانِيدِ الْمَجْهُولَةِ وَيَعْتَدُّ بِرِوَايَتِهَا بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِ بِمَا فِيهَا مِنَ التَّوَهُّنِ وَالضَّعْفِ إِلاَّ أَنَّ الَّذِي يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى رِوَايَتِهَا وَالاِعْتِدَادِ بِهَا إِرَادَةُ التَّكَثُّرِ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ الْعَوَامِّ وَلأَنْ يُقَالَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَا جَمَعَ فُلاَنٌ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ وَأَلَّفَ مِنَ الْعَدَدِ.
وَمَنْ ذَهَبَ فِي الْعِلْمِ هَذَا الْمَذْهَبَ وَسَلَكَ هَذَا الطَّرِيقَ فَلاَ نَصِيبَ لَهُ فِيهِ وَكَانَ بِأَنْ يُسَمَّى جَاهِلاً أَوْلَى مِنْ أَنْ يُنْسَبَ إِلَى عِلْمٍ .
(5C)
Chapter: What is Declared Sound Regarding the Transmission of Some Transmitters On Authority of Others and Warning Against Those Who Make Mistakes in That
(5C)
اب مَا تَصِحُّ بِهِ رِوَايَةُ الرُّوَاةِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ وَالتَّنْبِيهِ عَلَى مَنْ غَلِطَ فِي ذَلِكَ
Some pretender to knowledge of Ḥadīth from the people of our time made a statement regarding authentication and weakening of chains; a statement that if we were to disregard relating it and disregard mentioning its evil, truly it would be a strong opinion and sound approach, since turning away from the renounced view and dropping any mention of its speaker are most appropriate for putting it to rest; and better suited so as to not draw the attention of the ignorant to it.
Other than for what we fear from the evil results and dangers of the ignorant in innovated matters and their hastening towards believing in the mistakes of those who err and the rejected statements according to the scholars, we think the unveiling of the evil of his statement and refutation of its speaker with the amount which is deserved from refutation is more beneficial upon the creation and more praiseworthy ultimately, if Allah wills.
The speaker who we introduced by way of speaking on the account of his opinion and the reports of the evil of his thinking, alleged that every chain for Ḥadīth which has in it ‘so-and-so narrated on authority of so-and-so’ [Mu’an’an], and he has knowledge that they were contemporaries, and the probability that the Ḥadīth which the narrator transmitted from whom he transmitted, had heard it from him, and spoke face to face with him; without our knowing [for certain] that the narrator heard from the one who transmitted to him, and without finding in any of the transmissions that they ever met and spoke face to face for the purpose of Ḥadīth- that the proof is not established according to him in any report which comes in this manner until he has knowledge of both transmitters meeting in their era one or more times and speaking face to face for the purpose of narration, or he wants a report in which their meeting is clarified, their having met once in their era, or more than that; then if he does not have knowledge of that and there does not come to him an authentic transmission reporting that this transmitter [who relates] on authority of his companion met him once AND heard from him something- [there] will be no [proof] of his relating the report from whom he transmitted on authority of.
The matter just as we described is a proof [transmitters being contemporaries and the possibility of having met existing] and the report according to him is unresolved until there arrives [the transmitters] hearing from him something from Ḥadīth, a little or a lot, in a transmission [clarifying the ‘hearing’] equal to what he narrated [with Mu’an’an].
Other than for what we fear from the evil results and dangers of the ignorant in innovated matters and their hastening towards believing in the mistakes of those who err and the rejected statements according to the scholars, we think the unveiling of the evil of his statement and refutation of its speaker with the amount which is deserved from refutation is more beneficial upon the creation and more praiseworthy ultimately, if Allah wills.
The speaker who we introduced by way of speaking on the account of his opinion and the reports of the evil of his thinking, alleged that every chain for Ḥadīth which has in it ‘so-and-so narrated on authority of so-and-so’ [Mu’an’an], and he has knowledge that they were contemporaries, and the probability that the Ḥadīth which the narrator transmitted from whom he transmitted, had heard it from him, and spoke face to face with him; without our knowing [for certain] that the narrator heard from the one who transmitted to him, and without finding in any of the transmissions that they ever met and spoke face to face for the purpose of Ḥadīth- that the proof is not established according to him in any report which comes in this manner until he has knowledge of both transmitters meeting in their era one or more times and speaking face to face for the purpose of narration, or he wants a report in which their meeting is clarified, their having met once in their era, or more than that; then if he does not have knowledge of that and there does not come to him an authentic transmission reporting that this transmitter [who relates] on authority of his companion met him once AND heard from him something- [there] will be no [proof] of his relating the report from whom he transmitted on authority of.
The matter just as we described is a proof [transmitters being contemporaries and the possibility of having met existing] and the report according to him is unresolved until there arrives [the transmitters] hearing from him something from Ḥadīth, a little or a lot, in a transmission [clarifying the ‘hearing’] equal to what he narrated [with Mu’an’an].
وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بَعْضُ مُنْتَحِلِي الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ أَهْلِ عَصْرِنَا فِي تَصْحِيحِ الأَسَانِيدِ وَتَسْقِيمِهَا بِقَوْلٍ لَوْ ضَرَبْنَا عَنْ حِكَايَتِهِ وَذِكْرِ فَسَادِهِ صَفْحًا لَكَانَ رَأْيًا مَتِينًا وَمَذْهَبًا صَحِيحًا.
إِذِ الإِعْرَاضُ عَنِ الْقَوْلِ الْمُطَّرَحِ أَحْرَى لإِمَاتَتِهِ وَإِخْمَالِ ذِكْرِ قَائِلِهِ وَأَجْدَرُ أَنْ لاَ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ تَنْبِيهًا لِلْجُهَّالِ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّا لَمَّا تَخَوَّفْنَا مِنْ شُرُورِ الْعَوَاقِبِ وَاغْتِرَارِ الْجَهَلَةِ بِمُحْدَثَاتِ الأُمُورِ وَإِسْرَاعِهِمْ إِلَى اعْتِقَادِ خَطَإِ الْمُخْطِئِينَ وَالأَقْوَالِ السَّاقِطَةِ عِنْدَ الْعُلَمَاءِ رَأَيْنَا الْكَشْفَ عَنْ فَسَادِ قَوْلِهِ وَرَدَّ مَقَالَتِهِ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَلِيقُ بِهَا مِنَ الرَّدِّ أَجْدَى عَلَى الأَنَامِ وَأَحْمَدَ لِلْعَاقِبَةِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
وَزَعَمَ الْقَائِلُ الَّذِي افْتَتَحْنَا الْكَلاَمَ عَلَى الْحِكَايَةِ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَالإِخْبَارِ عَنْ سُوءِ رَوِيَّتِهِ أَنَّ كُلَّ إِسْنَادٍ لِحَدِيثٍ فِيهِ فُلاَنٌ عَنْ فُلاَنٍ وَقَدْ أَحَاطَ الْعِلْمُ بِأَنَّهُمَا قَدْ كَانَا فِي عَصْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَجَائِزٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي رَوَى الرَّاوِي عَمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ قَدْ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُ وَشَافَهَهُ بِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لاَ نَعْلَمُ لَهُ مِنْهُ سَمَاعًا وَلَمْ نَجِدْ فِي شيء مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّهُمَا الْتَقَيَا قَطُّ أَوْ تَشَافَهَا بِحَدِيثٍ- أَنَّ الْحُجَّةَ لاَ تَقُومُ عِنْدَهُ بِكُلِّ خَبَرٍ جَاءَ هَذَا الْمَجِيءَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَهُ الْعِلْمُ- بِأَنَّهُمَا قَدِ اجْتَمَعَا مِنْ دَهْرِهِمَا مَرَّةً فَصَاعِدًا أَوْ تَشَافَهَا بِالْحَدِيثِ بَيْنَهُمَا أَوْ يَرِدَ خَبَرٌ فِيهِ بَيَانُ اجْتِمَاعِهِمَا وَتَلاَقِيهِمَا مَرَّةً مِنْ دَهْرِهِمَا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا. فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ ذَلِكَ وَلَمْ تَأْتِ رِوَايَةٌ صَحِيحَةٌ تُخْبِرُ أَنَّ هَذَا الرَّاوِيَ عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ قَدْ لَقِيَهُ مَرَّةً وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا- لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي نَقْلِهِ الْخَبَرَ عَمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ وَالأَمْرُ كَمَا وَصَفْنَا حُجَّةٌ وَكَانَ الْخَبَرُ عِنْدَهُ مَوْقُوفًا حَتَّى يَرِدَ عَلَيْهِ سَمَاعُهُ مِنْهُ لِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ. قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ مِثْلِ مَا وَرَدَ.
إِذِ الإِعْرَاضُ عَنِ الْقَوْلِ الْمُطَّرَحِ أَحْرَى لإِمَاتَتِهِ وَإِخْمَالِ ذِكْرِ قَائِلِهِ وَأَجْدَرُ أَنْ لاَ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ تَنْبِيهًا لِلْجُهَّالِ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّا لَمَّا تَخَوَّفْنَا مِنْ شُرُورِ الْعَوَاقِبِ وَاغْتِرَارِ الْجَهَلَةِ بِمُحْدَثَاتِ الأُمُورِ وَإِسْرَاعِهِمْ إِلَى اعْتِقَادِ خَطَإِ الْمُخْطِئِينَ وَالأَقْوَالِ السَّاقِطَةِ عِنْدَ الْعُلَمَاءِ رَأَيْنَا الْكَشْفَ عَنْ فَسَادِ قَوْلِهِ وَرَدَّ مَقَالَتِهِ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَلِيقُ بِهَا مِنَ الرَّدِّ أَجْدَى عَلَى الأَنَامِ وَأَحْمَدَ لِلْعَاقِبَةِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.
وَزَعَمَ الْقَائِلُ الَّذِي افْتَتَحْنَا الْكَلاَمَ عَلَى الْحِكَايَةِ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَالإِخْبَارِ عَنْ سُوءِ رَوِيَّتِهِ أَنَّ كُلَّ إِسْنَادٍ لِحَدِيثٍ فِيهِ فُلاَنٌ عَنْ فُلاَنٍ وَقَدْ أَحَاطَ الْعِلْمُ بِأَنَّهُمَا قَدْ كَانَا فِي عَصْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَجَائِزٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي رَوَى الرَّاوِي عَمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ قَدْ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُ وَشَافَهَهُ بِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لاَ نَعْلَمُ لَهُ مِنْهُ سَمَاعًا وَلَمْ نَجِدْ فِي شيء مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّهُمَا الْتَقَيَا قَطُّ أَوْ تَشَافَهَا بِحَدِيثٍ- أَنَّ الْحُجَّةَ لاَ تَقُومُ عِنْدَهُ بِكُلِّ خَبَرٍ جَاءَ هَذَا الْمَجِيءَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَهُ الْعِلْمُ- بِأَنَّهُمَا قَدِ اجْتَمَعَا مِنْ دَهْرِهِمَا مَرَّةً فَصَاعِدًا أَوْ تَشَافَهَا بِالْحَدِيثِ بَيْنَهُمَا أَوْ يَرِدَ خَبَرٌ فِيهِ بَيَانُ اجْتِمَاعِهِمَا وَتَلاَقِيهِمَا مَرَّةً مِنْ دَهْرِهِمَا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا. فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ ذَلِكَ وَلَمْ تَأْتِ رِوَايَةٌ صَحِيحَةٌ تُخْبِرُ أَنَّ هَذَا الرَّاوِيَ عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ قَدْ لَقِيَهُ مَرَّةً وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا- لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي نَقْلِهِ الْخَبَرَ عَمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ وَالأَمْرُ كَمَا وَصَفْنَا حُجَّةٌ وَكَانَ الْخَبَرُ عِنْدَهُ مَوْقُوفًا حَتَّى يَرِدَ عَلَيْهِ سَمَاعُهُ مِنْهُ لِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ. قَلَّ أَوْ كَثُرَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ مِثْلِ مَا وَرَدَ.
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Chapter: The Soundness of Relying on Ḥadīth Related with the Term Meaning ‘On Authority of’
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باب صِحَّةِ الاِحْتِجَاجِ بِالْحَدِيثِ الْمُعَنْعَنِ
This statement, may Allah have mercy on you, of accusation regarding the [Mu’an’an] chains is an invented one, produced without precedent, and there is no one who supports him from Ahl ul-Ilm in that. The widespread opinion, which is agreed upon between Ahl ul-Ilm, with reports and transmissions early and recent, is that each trustworthy narrator who transmits a Ḥadīth from his equal, with the feasible probability for [the transmitter] to meet [who he transmits from] and hear from him due to their being together in the same era, even if there never came a report that they met or spoke face to face, then the transmission is affirmed, and [using it as a] proof is appropriate, unless there is clear evidence that this transmitter did not meet who he transmits from or that he did not hear anything from him.
Then as for when the matter is ambiguous regarding the possibility which we explained previously, then the transmission is always [accepted ]as coming by way of ‘hearing’ until there is evidence [otherwise] which we pointed out. Thus it is said to the inventor of this opinion whose speaker is as we have described, or to his defender- you have provided in the sum total of your statement that the report of the single trustworthy narrator on authority of the single trustworthy narrator is a proof which is required to act upon, then you introduced into it the condition afterwards, and you said ‘until we know that [the transmitter] had met once or more and heard something from [the one he transmits from]’. So have you found this condition which you stipulated from anyone [of Ahl ul-Ilm] who also required it? And if not then bring me evidence of what you allege. Thus if he claims there is a statement from one of the scholars of the Salaf for what he alleged in introducing the condition in affirming reports, [then] confirm it; [however] neither he, nor others, will ever find a way to produce it, even though he claims about what he alleges there is evidence to rely on. It is said ‘What is that evidence?’
Thus if he said: ‘I said it since I found transmitters of reports, early and recent, transmitting Ḥadīth from each other, and [the transmitter] did not ever see or hear anything from [from the one he transmits from]. Thus when I saw them permitting the transmission of Ḥadīth between them like this, Irsāl, without hearing [between transmitters], while the Mursal from the transmissions, in the foundation of our view and that of Ahl ul-Ilm in reports, is that it is not a proof; on account of what I described from the weakness, I rely on researching the hearing of the transmitter in each report on authority of [who he transmits from]. Thus when I unexpectedly come upon his hearing from [the one he transmits from] due to the low amount of a thing [i.e. transmissions on his authority], all of what he transmits on his authority becomes fixed to me thereafter. And if knowledge of [his actually hearing from whom he transmits from] is too distant from me, I withhold from the report and according to me it does not have a position of proof due to the possibility of Irsāl in it.’
Thus it is said to him: Then if the reason for your weakening the [Mu’an’an] report and your abandoning relying on it is due to the possibility of Irsāl in it, it obligates you to not affirm a chain of Mu’an’an until you see it has hearing [Simā’] from its first [transmitter] to its last.
And according to us it is possible that the Ḥadīth [you described] which has come to us on authority of Hishām bin Urwah, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah- we know with certainty that Hishām heard from his father and that his father heard from Ā’ishah, just as we know that Ā’ishah heard from the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him- it is possible that when Hishām does not say in the transmission that he transmits on authority of his father the words ‘I heard’ or ‘He informed me’, that there could be between him and his father another person who informed [Hishām] of it on authority of his father in this transmission, and he did not hear it from his father when he preferred transmitting it Mursal, and it is not attributed to who he really heard it from.
Just as that is possible from Hishām, on authority of his father, then it is also possible for his father on authority of Ā’ishah, and like that all chains for Ḥadīth in which the ‘hearing’ [of each transmitter] from the other is not mentioned. And if it was known in some transmissions that every single one of them did hear from his companion a great deal, then it is still possible for each one of them to drop in some of the transmissions, such that he hears from someone else some of his Ḥadīth, then expedites on authority [of his most famous companion] occasionally, while not designating who he [actually] heard from. And at times he is afraid and designates who he [actually] related the Ḥadīth from and abandons Irsāl. What we mention from this is found in Ḥadīth, from the actions of trustworthy Muhaddithīn and A’immah of Ahl ul-Ilm; and we will mention several of their transmissions upon the pathway which we mentioned demonstrating through them the great amount of [the above], if Allah, exalted is He, wills. Thus from that [are the following]:
That Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī, Ibn al-Mubārak, Wakī’, Ibn Numayr, and a group of others transmitted on authority of Hishām bin Urwah, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, she said: ‘I applied scent to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, at the time of entering and leaving Ihrām, with the most pleasant [scent] I found’.
Thus Layth bin Sa’d, Dāwud al-Attār, Humayd bin al-Aswad, Wuhayb bin Khālid, and Abū Usāmah transmitted this transmission on authority of none other than Hishām, he said, Uthmān bin Urwah informed me, on authority of Urwah, on authority of Ā’ishah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; and Hishām transmitted, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah, she said: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, when he was in ‘Itikaf lowered his head towards me, then I combed [his hair] and I was menstruating’. Then Mālik bin Anas transmitted the exact narration, on authority of az-Zuhrī, on authority of Urwah, on authority of Amrah , on authority of Ā’ishah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Az-Zuhrī and Sālih bin Abī Hassān transmitted on authority of Abī Salamah, on authority of Ā’ishah: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, would kiss while fasting’.
Thus Yahyā bin Abī Kathīr said about this report regarding ‘kissing’, Abū Salamah bin Abd ar-Rahman informed me that Umar bin Abd al-Azīz informed him that Urwah informed him that Ā’ishah informed him that: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, would kiss her while fasting’.
Ibn Uyaynah and others transmitted on authority of Amr bin Dīnār, on authority of Jābir, he said ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, [allowed us] to eat horse meat and prohibited us from donkey meat’. And Hammād bin Zayd transmitted it, on authority of Amr, on authority of Muhammad bin Alī, on authority of Jābir, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. And this manner of transmitting narrations is abundant, its enumeration being much, and what we mentioned is sufficient for those who possess understanding. Thus when the reason [for weakening these types of transmissions]- according to the one whose opinion we described before in terms of the invalidation of Ḥadīth and weakening them when it is not known that the transmitter heard anything through the one he transmits from- is that Irsāl is possible in them, his opinion leads to his being obligated to abandon relying on transmissions of those who are known to have heard through who they transmit from unless there is mention of ‘hearing’ in the report itself, due to what we clarified before of the A’immah who related reports that at times they would expedite the Ḥadīth as Irsāl, and not mention who they heard it from, and at times they would be so inclined, so they would provide the chain for the report in the form that they heard it- they would report [a narration] through ‘descent’ [from a peer or someone below them in age or status] if it was descended and with ‘elevation’ [with less narrators between them and the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him] if it was elevated, just as we explained about them. We are not aware of anyone from the A’immah of the Salaf who when he sought to act upon reports and investigate the soundness or weakness of the chains of transmission like [those of] Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī, Ibn Awn, Mālik bin Anas, Shu’bah bin al-Hajjāj, Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, Abd ar-Rahman bin Mahdī and those after them from the people of Ḥadīth, he examined the situation regarding [the manner of] ‘hearing’ in the chains, like what is claimed in the opinion of the one we described previously.
Those who investigated among [the scholars of Ḥadīth] would only investigate the ‘hearing’ of the transmitters of Ḥadīth they transmitted from when the transmitter was among those who were known for Tadlīs in Ḥadīth and famous for it. Thus when they investigated [a transmitter’s manner of] ‘hearing’ in his transmissions and they would research that about him in order to distance themselves from the defect of Tadlīs. Thus to research that about the non-Mudallis, from the perspective of the one who alleged what he did in the opinion we related, then we have not heard of that from anyone we designated and do not designate from the A’immah.
Thus from that is Abd Allah bin Yazīd al-Ansārī , who saw the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; he transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Hudhayfah and Abī Mas’ūd al-Ansārī attributing it to the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and there is no mention of ‘hearing’ in his transmission from either of them . Also, we have not preserved in any of the transmissions that Abd Allah bin Yazīd ever met Hudhayfah or Abū Mas’ūd face to face for Ḥadīth. We have not found mention in an actual transmission his seeing either of them and we have not heard from any of Ahl ul-Ilm who have passed or who we have met who charged with weakness these two reports who Abd Allah bin Yazīd transmitted on authority of Hudhayfah and Abū Mas’ūd. Rather according to those we met from Ahl ul-Ilm in Ḥadīth those two [reports] and whatever is similar to them are among the authentic and strong chains; they held the view of acting by what was related by them, and relied upon what came from the Sunan and Āthār [in that manner]. And it is weak and abandoned in the allegation of the one whose view we related before, until ‘hearing’ of the transmitter is obtained from whoever transmits [them]. And even if we took to enumerating the authentic reports according to Ahl ul-Ilm whereof they are weak in the allegation of this speaker and we counted them, truly we would not be able to fully examine its mention and enumerate all of them; rather we prefer to place several as a symbol for what we remain silent on.
Abū Uthmān an-Nahdī and Abū Rāfi’ as-Sā’igh both were from among those who witnessed the age of Jahiliyyah [the time before Islam in the Arabian Peninsula] and were among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, who witnessed the battle of Badr, and so on and so forth. They both related reports on authority of [the Companions] until they [related Ḥadīth from younger Companions] the likes of Abū Hurayrah and Ibn Umar. Each of these two transmitted a single Ḥadīth on authority of Ubayy bin K’ab, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and we did not hear in an actual transmission that they had seen Ubayy with their own eyes, or heard anything from him.
Abū Amr ash-Shaybānī witnessed al-Jahiliyyah and was an adult during the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and Abū Ma’mar Abd Allah bin Sakhbarah each transmitted two reports on authority of Abū Mas’ūd al-Ansārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Ubayd bin Umayr transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Umm Salamah, wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and Ubayd bin Umayr was born in the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Qays bin Abī Hāzim transmitted three reports on authority of Abū Mas’ūd al-Ansārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him and he witnessed the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Abd ar-Rahman bin Abī Laylā transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Anas bin Mālik, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and he heard from Umar bin al-Khattāb and accompanied Alī.
Rib’ī bin Hirāsh transmitted two Ḥadīth on authority of Imrān bin Husayn, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; and a Ḥadīth on authority of Abū Bakrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. Rib’ī heard from Alī bin Abī Tālib and transmitted on his authority.
Nāfi’ bin Jubayr bin Mut’im transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Abī Shurayh al-Khuzā’ī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
An-Nu’mān bin Abī Ayyāsh transmitted three Ahādīth on authority of Abū Sa’īd al-Khudrī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Atā’ bin Yazīd al-Laythī transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Tamīm ad-Dārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Sulaymān bin Yasār transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Rāfi’ bin Khadīj, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Humayd bin Abd ar-Rahman al-Himyarī transmitted narrations on authority of Abū Hurayrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. Thus all of these Tabi’īn we named, whose transmissions are on authority of Companions, are not recorded in separate transmissions to have heard directly from them, to our knowledge, and are not recorded to have met them in the course of the actual report. They are sound chains of transmission according to those who possess knowledge of reports and transmissions; we do not know of them ever weakening anything of them or asking about whether they heard from each other, since the ‘hearing’ of each one of them from his companion is possible, without anyone rejecting [that], due to them all being together in the same time period.
This opinion that the speaker invented, which we related, regarding weakening the Ḥadīth, for the reason which he described, is too inferior to be relied upon or [too inferior] for its mention to be stirred up since it was an invented opinion and a backward discussion which no one from Ahl ul-Ilm stated before and those who came after them denounced it. Thus there is no need to for us to refute it with more than what we have already explained since the standing of the speech and its speaker is that which we described, and Allah is the one with whom aid is sought in repelling what differs from the school of the scholars and in Him alone complete trust is placed.
Then as for when the matter is ambiguous regarding the possibility which we explained previously, then the transmission is always [accepted ]as coming by way of ‘hearing’ until there is evidence [otherwise] which we pointed out. Thus it is said to the inventor of this opinion whose speaker is as we have described, or to his defender- you have provided in the sum total of your statement that the report of the single trustworthy narrator on authority of the single trustworthy narrator is a proof which is required to act upon, then you introduced into it the condition afterwards, and you said ‘until we know that [the transmitter] had met once or more and heard something from [the one he transmits from]’. So have you found this condition which you stipulated from anyone [of Ahl ul-Ilm] who also required it? And if not then bring me evidence of what you allege. Thus if he claims there is a statement from one of the scholars of the Salaf for what he alleged in introducing the condition in affirming reports, [then] confirm it; [however] neither he, nor others, will ever find a way to produce it, even though he claims about what he alleges there is evidence to rely on. It is said ‘What is that evidence?’
Thus if he said: ‘I said it since I found transmitters of reports, early and recent, transmitting Ḥadīth from each other, and [the transmitter] did not ever see or hear anything from [from the one he transmits from]. Thus when I saw them permitting the transmission of Ḥadīth between them like this, Irsāl, without hearing [between transmitters], while the Mursal from the transmissions, in the foundation of our view and that of Ahl ul-Ilm in reports, is that it is not a proof; on account of what I described from the weakness, I rely on researching the hearing of the transmitter in each report on authority of [who he transmits from]. Thus when I unexpectedly come upon his hearing from [the one he transmits from] due to the low amount of a thing [i.e. transmissions on his authority], all of what he transmits on his authority becomes fixed to me thereafter. And if knowledge of [his actually hearing from whom he transmits from] is too distant from me, I withhold from the report and according to me it does not have a position of proof due to the possibility of Irsāl in it.’
Thus it is said to him: Then if the reason for your weakening the [Mu’an’an] report and your abandoning relying on it is due to the possibility of Irsāl in it, it obligates you to not affirm a chain of Mu’an’an until you see it has hearing [Simā’] from its first [transmitter] to its last.
And according to us it is possible that the Ḥadīth [you described] which has come to us on authority of Hishām bin Urwah, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah- we know with certainty that Hishām heard from his father and that his father heard from Ā’ishah, just as we know that Ā’ishah heard from the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him- it is possible that when Hishām does not say in the transmission that he transmits on authority of his father the words ‘I heard’ or ‘He informed me’, that there could be between him and his father another person who informed [Hishām] of it on authority of his father in this transmission, and he did not hear it from his father when he preferred transmitting it Mursal, and it is not attributed to who he really heard it from.
Just as that is possible from Hishām, on authority of his father, then it is also possible for his father on authority of Ā’ishah, and like that all chains for Ḥadīth in which the ‘hearing’ [of each transmitter] from the other is not mentioned. And if it was known in some transmissions that every single one of them did hear from his companion a great deal, then it is still possible for each one of them to drop in some of the transmissions, such that he hears from someone else some of his Ḥadīth, then expedites on authority [of his most famous companion] occasionally, while not designating who he [actually] heard from. And at times he is afraid and designates who he [actually] related the Ḥadīth from and abandons Irsāl. What we mention from this is found in Ḥadīth, from the actions of trustworthy Muhaddithīn and A’immah of Ahl ul-Ilm; and we will mention several of their transmissions upon the pathway which we mentioned demonstrating through them the great amount of [the above], if Allah, exalted is He, wills. Thus from that [are the following]:
That Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī, Ibn al-Mubārak, Wakī’, Ibn Numayr, and a group of others transmitted on authority of Hishām bin Urwah, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, she said: ‘I applied scent to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, at the time of entering and leaving Ihrām, with the most pleasant [scent] I found’.
Thus Layth bin Sa’d, Dāwud al-Attār, Humayd bin al-Aswad, Wuhayb bin Khālid, and Abū Usāmah transmitted this transmission on authority of none other than Hishām, he said, Uthmān bin Urwah informed me, on authority of Urwah, on authority of Ā’ishah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; and Hishām transmitted, on authority of his father, on authority of Ā’ishah, she said: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, when he was in ‘Itikaf lowered his head towards me, then I combed [his hair] and I was menstruating’. Then Mālik bin Anas transmitted the exact narration, on authority of az-Zuhrī, on authority of Urwah, on authority of Amrah , on authority of Ā’ishah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Az-Zuhrī and Sālih bin Abī Hassān transmitted on authority of Abī Salamah, on authority of Ā’ishah: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, would kiss while fasting’.
Thus Yahyā bin Abī Kathīr said about this report regarding ‘kissing’, Abū Salamah bin Abd ar-Rahman informed me that Umar bin Abd al-Azīz informed him that Urwah informed him that Ā’ishah informed him that: ‘The Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, would kiss her while fasting’.
Ibn Uyaynah and others transmitted on authority of Amr bin Dīnār, on authority of Jābir, he said ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, [allowed us] to eat horse meat and prohibited us from donkey meat’. And Hammād bin Zayd transmitted it, on authority of Amr, on authority of Muhammad bin Alī, on authority of Jābir, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. And this manner of transmitting narrations is abundant, its enumeration being much, and what we mentioned is sufficient for those who possess understanding. Thus when the reason [for weakening these types of transmissions]- according to the one whose opinion we described before in terms of the invalidation of Ḥadīth and weakening them when it is not known that the transmitter heard anything through the one he transmits from- is that Irsāl is possible in them, his opinion leads to his being obligated to abandon relying on transmissions of those who are known to have heard through who they transmit from unless there is mention of ‘hearing’ in the report itself, due to what we clarified before of the A’immah who related reports that at times they would expedite the Ḥadīth as Irsāl, and not mention who they heard it from, and at times they would be so inclined, so they would provide the chain for the report in the form that they heard it- they would report [a narration] through ‘descent’ [from a peer or someone below them in age or status] if it was descended and with ‘elevation’ [with less narrators between them and the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him] if it was elevated, just as we explained about them. We are not aware of anyone from the A’immah of the Salaf who when he sought to act upon reports and investigate the soundness or weakness of the chains of transmission like [those of] Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī, Ibn Awn, Mālik bin Anas, Shu’bah bin al-Hajjāj, Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, Abd ar-Rahman bin Mahdī and those after them from the people of Ḥadīth, he examined the situation regarding [the manner of] ‘hearing’ in the chains, like what is claimed in the opinion of the one we described previously.
Those who investigated among [the scholars of Ḥadīth] would only investigate the ‘hearing’ of the transmitters of Ḥadīth they transmitted from when the transmitter was among those who were known for Tadlīs in Ḥadīth and famous for it. Thus when they investigated [a transmitter’s manner of] ‘hearing’ in his transmissions and they would research that about him in order to distance themselves from the defect of Tadlīs. Thus to research that about the non-Mudallis, from the perspective of the one who alleged what he did in the opinion we related, then we have not heard of that from anyone we designated and do not designate from the A’immah.
Thus from that is Abd Allah bin Yazīd al-Ansārī , who saw the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; he transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Hudhayfah and Abī Mas’ūd al-Ansārī attributing it to the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and there is no mention of ‘hearing’ in his transmission from either of them . Also, we have not preserved in any of the transmissions that Abd Allah bin Yazīd ever met Hudhayfah or Abū Mas’ūd face to face for Ḥadīth. We have not found mention in an actual transmission his seeing either of them and we have not heard from any of Ahl ul-Ilm who have passed or who we have met who charged with weakness these two reports who Abd Allah bin Yazīd transmitted on authority of Hudhayfah and Abū Mas’ūd. Rather according to those we met from Ahl ul-Ilm in Ḥadīth those two [reports] and whatever is similar to them are among the authentic and strong chains; they held the view of acting by what was related by them, and relied upon what came from the Sunan and Āthār [in that manner]. And it is weak and abandoned in the allegation of the one whose view we related before, until ‘hearing’ of the transmitter is obtained from whoever transmits [them]. And even if we took to enumerating the authentic reports according to Ahl ul-Ilm whereof they are weak in the allegation of this speaker and we counted them, truly we would not be able to fully examine its mention and enumerate all of them; rather we prefer to place several as a symbol for what we remain silent on.
Abū Uthmān an-Nahdī and Abū Rāfi’ as-Sā’igh both were from among those who witnessed the age of Jahiliyyah [the time before Islam in the Arabian Peninsula] and were among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, who witnessed the battle of Badr, and so on and so forth. They both related reports on authority of [the Companions] until they [related Ḥadīth from younger Companions] the likes of Abū Hurayrah and Ibn Umar. Each of these two transmitted a single Ḥadīth on authority of Ubayy bin K’ab, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and we did not hear in an actual transmission that they had seen Ubayy with their own eyes, or heard anything from him.
Abū Amr ash-Shaybānī witnessed al-Jahiliyyah and was an adult during the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and Abū Ma’mar Abd Allah bin Sakhbarah each transmitted two reports on authority of Abū Mas’ūd al-Ansārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Ubayd bin Umayr transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Umm Salamah, wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and Ubayd bin Umayr was born in the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Qays bin Abī Hāzim transmitted three reports on authority of Abū Mas’ūd al-Ansārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him and he witnessed the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Abd ar-Rahman bin Abī Laylā transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Anas bin Mālik, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him, and he heard from Umar bin al-Khattāb and accompanied Alī.
Rib’ī bin Hirāsh transmitted two Ḥadīth on authority of Imrān bin Husayn, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him; and a Ḥadīth on authority of Abū Bakrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. Rib’ī heard from Alī bin Abī Tālib and transmitted on his authority.
Nāfi’ bin Jubayr bin Mut’im transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Abī Shurayh al-Khuzā’ī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
An-Nu’mān bin Abī Ayyāsh transmitted three Ahādīth on authority of Abū Sa’īd al-Khudrī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Atā’ bin Yazīd al-Laythī transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Tamīm ad-Dārī, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Sulaymān bin Yasār transmitted a Ḥadīth on authority of Rāfi’ bin Khadīj, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him.
Humayd bin Abd ar-Rahman al-Himyarī transmitted narrations on authority of Abū Hurayrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him. Thus all of these Tabi’īn we named, whose transmissions are on authority of Companions, are not recorded in separate transmissions to have heard directly from them, to our knowledge, and are not recorded to have met them in the course of the actual report. They are sound chains of transmission according to those who possess knowledge of reports and transmissions; we do not know of them ever weakening anything of them or asking about whether they heard from each other, since the ‘hearing’ of each one of them from his companion is possible, without anyone rejecting [that], due to them all being together in the same time period.
This opinion that the speaker invented, which we related, regarding weakening the Ḥadīth, for the reason which he described, is too inferior to be relied upon or [too inferior] for its mention to be stirred up since it was an invented opinion and a backward discussion which no one from Ahl ul-Ilm stated before and those who came after them denounced it. Thus there is no need to for us to refute it with more than what we have already explained since the standing of the speech and its speaker is that which we described, and Allah is the one with whom aid is sought in repelling what differs from the school of the scholars and in Him alone complete trust is placed.
وَهَذَا الْقَوْلُ- يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ- فِي الطَّعْنِ فِي الأَسَانِيدِ قَوْلٌ مُخْتَرَعٌ مُسْتَحْدَثٌ غَيْرُ مَسْبُوقٍ صَاحِبُهُ إِلَيْهِ وَلاَ مُسَاعِدَ لَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَيْهِ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْقَوْلَ الشَّائِعَ الْمُتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالأَخْبَارِ وَالرِّوَايَاتِ قَدِيمًا وَحَدِيثًا أَنَّ كُلَّ رَجُلٍ ثِقَةٍ رَوَى عَنْ مِثْلِهِ حَدِيثًا وَجَائِزٌ مُمْكِنٌ لَهُ لِقَاؤُهُ وَالسَّمَاعُ مِنْهُ لِكَوْنِهِمَا جَمِيعًا كَانَا فِي عَصْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَأْتِ فِي خَبَرٍ قَطُّ أَنَّهُمَا اجْتَمَعَا وَلاَ تَشَافَهَا بِكَلاَمٍ فَالرِّوَايَةُ ثَابِتَةٌ وَالْحُجَّةُ بِهَا لاَزِمَةٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ هُنَاكَ دَلاَلَةٌ بَيِّنَةٌ أَنَّ هَذَا الرَّاوِيَ لَمْ يَلْقَ مَنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ أَوْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَأَمَّا وَالأَمْرُ مُبْهَمٌ عَلَى الإِمْكَانِ الَّذِي فَسَّرْنَا فَالرِّوَايَةُ عَلَى السَّمَاعِ أَبَدًا حَتَّى تَكُونَ الدَّلاَلَةُ الَّتِي بَيَّنَّا.
فَيُقَالُ لِمُخْتَرِعِ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَا مَقَالَتَهُ أَوْ لِلذَّابِّ عَنْهُ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ فِي جُمْلَةِ قَوْلِكَ أَنَّ خَبَرَ الْوَاحِدِ الثِّقَةِ عَنِ الْوَاحِدِ الثِّقَةِ حُجَّةٌ يَلْزَمُ بِهِ الْعَمَلُ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلْتَ فِيهِ الشَّرْطَ بَعْدُ فَقُلْتَ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُمَا قَدْ كَانَا الْتَقَيَا مَرَّةً فَصَاعِدًا أَوْ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَهَلْ تَجِدُ هَذَا الشَّرْطَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَطْتَهُ عَنْ أَحَدٍ يَلْزَمُ قَوْلُهُ وَإِلاَّ فَهَلُمَّ دَلِيلاً عَلَى مَا زَعَمْتَ.
فَإِنِ ادَّعَى قَوْلَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ السَّلَفِ بِمَا زَعَمَ مِنْ إِدْخَالِ الشَّرِيطَةِ فِي تَثْبِيتِ الْخَبَرِ طُولِبَ بِهِ وَلَنْ يَجِدَ هُوَ وَلاَ غَيْرُهُ إِلَى إِيجَادِهِ سَبِيلاً وَإِنْ هُوَ ادَّعَى فِيمَا زَعَمَ دَلِيلاً يَحْتَجُّ بِهِ قِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا ذَاكَ الدَّلِيلُ فَإِنْ قَالَ قُلْتُهُ لأَنِّي وَجَدْتُ رُوَاةَ الأَخْبَارِ قَدِيمًا وَحَدِيثًا يَرْوِي أَحَدُهُمْ عَنِ الآخَرِ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَمَّا يُعَايِنْهُ وَلاَ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُمُ اسْتَجَازُوا رِوَايَةَ الْحَدِيثِ بَيْنَهُمْ هَكَذَا عَلَى الإِرْسَالِ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَمَاعٍ- وَالْمُرْسَلُ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ فِي أَصْلِ قَوْلِنَا وَقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالأَخْبَارِ لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ- احْتَجْتُ لِمَا وَصَفْتُ مِنَ الْعِلَّةِ إِلَى الْبَحْثِ عَنْ سَمَاعِ رَاوِي كُلِّ خَبَرٍ عَنْ رَاوِيهِ فَإِذَا أَنَا هَجَمْتُ عَلَى سَمَاعِهِ مِنْهُ لأَدْنَى شيء ثَبَتَ عِنْدِي بِذَلِكَ جَمِيعُ مَا يَرْوِي عَنْهُ بَعْدُ فَإِنْ عَزَبَ عَنِّي مَعْرِفَةُ ذَلِكَ أَوْقَفْتُ الْخَبَرَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدِي مَوْضِعَ حُجَّةٍ لإِمْكَانِ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ.
فَيُقَالُ لَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْعِلَّةُ فِي تَضْعِيفِكَ الْخَبَرَ وَتَرْكِكَ الاِحْتِجَاجَ بِهِ إِمْكَانَ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ لَزِمَكَ أَنْ لاَ تُثْبِتَ إِسْنَادًا مُعَنْعَنًا حَتَّى تَرَى فِيهِ السَّمَاعَ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ?
وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ الْوَارِدَ عَلَيْنَا بِإِسْنَادِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فَبِيَقِينٍ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هِشَامًا قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَأَنَّ أَبَاهُ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ كَمَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ قَدْ سَمِعَتْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ يَجُوزُ إِذَا لَمْ يَقُلْ هِشَامٌ فِي رِوَايَةٍ يَرْوِيهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَمِعْتُ أَوْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَبِيهِ فِي تِلْكَ الرِّوَايَةِ إِنْسَانٌ آخَرُ أَخْبَرَهُ بِهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَلَمْ يَسْمَعْهَا هُوَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ لَمَّا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرْوِيَهَا مُرْسَلاً وَلاَ يُسْنِدَهَا إِلَى مَنْ سَمِعَهَا مِنْهُ.
وَكَمَا يُمْكِنُ ذَلِكَ فِي هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَهُوَ أَيْضًا مُمْكِنٌ فِي أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ.
وَكَذَلِكَ كُلُّ إِسْنَادٍ لِحَدِيثٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ سَمَاعِ بَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.
وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ عُرِفَ فِي الْجُمْلَةِ أَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ سَمَاعًا كَثِيرًا فَجَائِزٌ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي بَعْضِ الرِّوَايَةِ فَيَسْمَعَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْهُ بَعْضَ أَحَادِيثِهِ ثُمَّ يُرْسِلَهُ عَنْهُ أَحْيَانًا وَلاَ يُسَمِّيَ مَنْ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ وَيَنْشَطَ أَحْيَانًا فَيُسَمِّيَ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي حَمَلَ عَنْهُ الْحَدِيثَ وَيَتْرُكَ الإِرْسَالَ.
وَمَا قُلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا مَوْجُودٌ فِي الْحَدِيثِ مُسْتَفِيضٌ مِنْ فِعْلِ ثِقَاتِ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ وَأَئِمَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ.
وَسَنَذْكُرُ مِنْ رِوَايَاتِهِمْ عَلَى الْجِهَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَا عَدَدًا يُسْتَدَلُّ بِهَا عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيَّ وَابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ وَوَكِيعًا وَابْنَ نُمَيْرٍ وَجَمَاعَةً غَيْرَهُمْ رَوَوْا عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أُطَيِّبُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِحِلِّهِ وَلِحُرْمِهِ بِأَطْيَبِ مَا أَجِدُ.
فَرَوَى هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةَ بِعَيْنِهَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَدَاوُدُ الْعَطَّارُ وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ وَوُهَيْبُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ وَأَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَرَوَى هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ يُدْنِي إِلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ.
فَرَوَاهَا بِعَيْنِهَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَرَوَى الزُّهْرِيُّ وَصَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَبِّلُ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ.
فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ فِي الْقُبْلَةِ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُقَبِّلُهَا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ أَطْعَمَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لُحُومَ الْخَيْلِ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ.
فَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَهَذَا النَّحْوُ فِي الرِّوَايَاتِ كَثِيرٌ يَكْثُرُ تَعْدَادُهُ وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْهَا كِفَايَةٌ لِذَوِي الْفَهْمِ.
فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعِلَّةُ عِنْدَ مَنْ وَصَفْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فِي فَسَادِ الْحَدِيثِ وَتَوْهِينِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَنَّ الرَّاوِيَ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ شَيْئًا إِمْكَانَ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ لَزِمَهُ تَرْكُ الاِحْتِجَاجِ فِي قِيَادِ قَوْلِهِ بِرِوَايَةِ مَنْ يُعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ إِلاَّ فِي نَفْسِ الْخَبَرِ الَّذِي فِيهِ ذِكْرُ السَّمَاعِ لِمَا بَيَّنَّا مِنْ قَبْلُ عَنِ الأَئِمَّةِ الَّذِينَ نَقَلُوا الأَخْبَارَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ تَارَاتٌ يُرْسِلُونَ فِيهَا الْحَدِيثَ إِرْسَالاً وَلاَ يَذْكُرُونَ مَنْ سَمِعُوهُ مِنْهُ وَتَارَاتٌ يَنْشَطُونَ فِيهَا فَيُسْنِدُونَ الْخَبَرَ عَلَى هَيْئَةِ مَا سَمِعُوا فَيُخْبِرُونَ بِالنُّزُولِ فِيهِ إِنْ نَزَلُوا وَبِالصُّعُودِ إِنْ صَعِدُوا كَمَا شَرَحْنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ.
وَمَا عَلِمْنَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ السَّلَفِ مِمَّنْ يَسْتَعْمِلُ الأَخْبَارَ وَيَتَفَقَّدُ صِحَّةَ الأَسَانِيدِ وَسَقَمَهَا مِثْلَ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ وَابْنِ عَوْنٍ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَشُعْبَةَ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فَتَّشُوا عَنْ مَوْضِعِ السَّمَاعِ فِي الأَسَانِيدِ كَمَا ادَّعَاهُ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ.
وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ تَفَقُّدُ مَنْ تَفَقَّدَ مِنْهُمْ سَمَاعَ رُوَاةِ الْحَدِيثِ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُمْ إِذَا كَانَ الرَّاوِي مِمَّنْ عُرِفَ بِالتَّدْلِيسِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَشُهِرَ بِهِ فَحِينَئِذٍ يَبْحَثُونَ عَنْ سَمَاعِهِ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَيَتَفَقَّدُونَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ كَيْ تَنْزَاحَ عَنْهُمْ عِلَّةُ التَّدْلِيسِ.
فَمَنِ ابْتَغَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ مُدَلِّسٍ عَلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي زَعَمَ مَنْ حَكَيْنَا قَوْلَهُ فَمَا سَمِعْنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ سَمَّيْنَا وَلَمْ نُسَمِّ مِنَ الأَئِمَّةِ.
فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الأَنْصَارِيَّ وَقَدْ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ رَوَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ وَعَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ وَعَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا حَدِيثًا يُسْنِدُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْهُمَا ذِكْرُ السَّمَاعِ مِنْهُمَا وَلاَ حَفِظْنَا فِي شيء مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ شَافَهَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبَا مَسْعُودٍ بِحَدِيثٍ قَطُّ وَلاَ وَجَدْنَا ذِكْرَ رُؤْيَتِهِ إِيَّاهُمَا فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا.
وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِمَّنْ مَضَى وَلاَ مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكْنَا أَنَّهُ طَعَنَ فِي هَذَيْنِ الْخَبَرَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ رَوَاهُمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبِي مَسْعُودٍ بِضَعْفٍ فِيهِمَا بَلْ هُمَا وَمَا أَشْبَهَهُمَا عِنْدَ مَنْ لاَقَيْنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنْ صِحَاحِ الأَسَانِيدِ وَقَوِيِّهَا يَرَوْنَ اسْتِعْمَالَ مَا نُقِلَ بِهَا وَالاِحْتِجَاجَ بِمَا أَتَتْ مِنْ سُنَنٍ وَآثَارٍ
وَهِيَ فِي زَعْمِ مَنْ حَكَيْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَاهِيَةٌ مُهْمَلَةٌ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ سَمَاعَ الرَّاوِي عَمَّنْ رَوَى وَلَوْ ذَهَبْنَا نُعَدِّدُ الأَخْبَارَ الصِّحَاحَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِمَّنْ يَهِنُ بِزَعْمِ هَذَا الْقَائِلِ وَنُحْصِيهَا لَعَجَزْنَا عَنْ تَقَصِّي ذِكْرِهَا وَإِحْصَائِهَا كُلِّهَا وَلَكِنَّا أَحْبَبْنَا أَنْ نَنْصِبَ مِنْهَا عَدَدًا يَكُونُ سِمَةً لِمَا سَكَتْنَا عَنْهُ مِنْهَا.
وَهَذَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيُّ وَأَبُو رَافِعٍ الصَّائِغُ وَهُمَا مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ وَصَحِبَا أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْبَدْرِيِّينَ هَلُمَّ جَرًّا وَنَقَلاَ عَنْهُمُ الأَخْبَارَ حَتَّى نَزَلاَ إِلَى مِثْلِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَذَوِيهِمَا قَدْ أَسْنَدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا أَنَّهُمَا عَايَنَا أُبَيًّا أَوْ سَمِعَا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيُّ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ وَكَانَ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلاً وَأَبُو مَعْمَرٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَخْبَرَةَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَبَرَيْنِ وَأَسْنَدَ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَعُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ وُلِدَ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَأَسْنَدَ قَيْسُ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ وَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ زَمَنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَخْبَارٍ.
وَأَسْنَدَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَقَدْ حَفِظَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَصَحِبَ عَلِيًّا عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ رِبْعِيُّ بْنُ حِرَاشٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثَيْنِ وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَقَدْ سَمِعَ رِبْعِيٌّ مِنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ.
وَأَسْنَدَ نَافِعُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَحَادِيثَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَأَسْنَدَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيُّ عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَادِيثَ.
فَكُلُّ هَؤُلاَءِ التَّابِعِينَ الَّذِينَ نَصَبْنَا رِوَايَتَهُمْ عَنِ الصَّحَابَةِ الَّذِينَ سَمَّيْنَاهُمْ لَمْ يُحْفَظْ عَنْهُمْ سَمَاعٌ عَلِمْنَاهُ مِنْهُمْ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا وَلاَ أَنَّهُمْ لَقُوهُمْ فِي نَفْسِ خَبَرٍ بِعَيْنِهِ.
وَهِيَ أَسَانِيدُ عِنْدَ ذَوِي الْمَعْرِفَةِ بِالأَخْبَارِ وَالرِّوَايَاتِ مِنْ صِحَاحِ الأَسَانِيدِ لاَ نَعْلَمُهُمْ وَهَّنُوا مِنْهَا شَيْئًا قَطُّ وَلاَ الْتَمَسُوا فِيهَا سَمَاعَ بَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.
إِذِ السَّمَاعُ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ مُمْكِنٌ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ غَيْرُ مُسْتَنْكَرٍ لِكَوْنِهِمْ جَمِيعًا كَانُوا فِي الْعَصْرِ الَّذِي اتَّفَقُوا فِيهِ.
وَكَانَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ الَّذِي أَحْدَثَهُ الْقَائِلُ الَّذِي حَكَيْنَاهُ فِي تَوْهِينِ الْحَدِيثِ بِالْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي وَصَفَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُعَرَّجَ عَلَيْهِ وَيُثَارَ ذِكْرُهُ.
إِذْ كَانَ قَوْلاً مُحْدَثًا وَكَلاَمًا خَلْفًا لَمْ يَقُلْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ سَلَفَ وَيَسْتَنْكِرُهُ مَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ خَلَفَ فَلاَ حَاجَةَ بِنَا فِي رَدِّهِ بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا شَرَحْنَا.
إِذْ كَانَ قَدْرُ الْمَقَالَةِ وَقَائِلِهَا الْقَدْرَ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَاهُ. وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى دَفْعِ مَا خَالَفَ مَذْهَبَ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَعَلَيْهِ التُّكْلاَنُ.
فَيُقَالُ لِمُخْتَرِعِ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَا مَقَالَتَهُ أَوْ لِلذَّابِّ عَنْهُ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَ فِي جُمْلَةِ قَوْلِكَ أَنَّ خَبَرَ الْوَاحِدِ الثِّقَةِ عَنِ الْوَاحِدِ الثِّقَةِ حُجَّةٌ يَلْزَمُ بِهِ الْعَمَلُ ثُمَّ أَدْخَلْتَ فِيهِ الشَّرْطَ بَعْدُ فَقُلْتَ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُمَا قَدْ كَانَا الْتَقَيَا مَرَّةً فَصَاعِدًا أَوْ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَهَلْ تَجِدُ هَذَا الشَّرْطَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَطْتَهُ عَنْ أَحَدٍ يَلْزَمُ قَوْلُهُ وَإِلاَّ فَهَلُمَّ دَلِيلاً عَلَى مَا زَعَمْتَ.
فَإِنِ ادَّعَى قَوْلَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ السَّلَفِ بِمَا زَعَمَ مِنْ إِدْخَالِ الشَّرِيطَةِ فِي تَثْبِيتِ الْخَبَرِ طُولِبَ بِهِ وَلَنْ يَجِدَ هُوَ وَلاَ غَيْرُهُ إِلَى إِيجَادِهِ سَبِيلاً وَإِنْ هُوَ ادَّعَى فِيمَا زَعَمَ دَلِيلاً يَحْتَجُّ بِهِ قِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا ذَاكَ الدَّلِيلُ فَإِنْ قَالَ قُلْتُهُ لأَنِّي وَجَدْتُ رُوَاةَ الأَخْبَارِ قَدِيمًا وَحَدِيثًا يَرْوِي أَحَدُهُمْ عَنِ الآخَرِ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَمَّا يُعَايِنْهُ وَلاَ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُمُ اسْتَجَازُوا رِوَايَةَ الْحَدِيثِ بَيْنَهُمْ هَكَذَا عَلَى الإِرْسَالِ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَمَاعٍ- وَالْمُرْسَلُ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ فِي أَصْلِ قَوْلِنَا وَقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالأَخْبَارِ لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ- احْتَجْتُ لِمَا وَصَفْتُ مِنَ الْعِلَّةِ إِلَى الْبَحْثِ عَنْ سَمَاعِ رَاوِي كُلِّ خَبَرٍ عَنْ رَاوِيهِ فَإِذَا أَنَا هَجَمْتُ عَلَى سَمَاعِهِ مِنْهُ لأَدْنَى شيء ثَبَتَ عِنْدِي بِذَلِكَ جَمِيعُ مَا يَرْوِي عَنْهُ بَعْدُ فَإِنْ عَزَبَ عَنِّي مَعْرِفَةُ ذَلِكَ أَوْقَفْتُ الْخَبَرَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدِي مَوْضِعَ حُجَّةٍ لإِمْكَانِ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ.
فَيُقَالُ لَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْعِلَّةُ فِي تَضْعِيفِكَ الْخَبَرَ وَتَرْكِكَ الاِحْتِجَاجَ بِهِ إِمْكَانَ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ لَزِمَكَ أَنْ لاَ تُثْبِتَ إِسْنَادًا مُعَنْعَنًا حَتَّى تَرَى فِيهِ السَّمَاعَ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ?
وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ الْوَارِدَ عَلَيْنَا بِإِسْنَادِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ فَبِيَقِينٍ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هِشَامًا قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ وَأَنَّ أَبَاهُ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ كَمَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ قَدْ سَمِعَتْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ يَجُوزُ إِذَا لَمْ يَقُلْ هِشَامٌ فِي رِوَايَةٍ يَرْوِيهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَمِعْتُ أَوْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَبِيهِ فِي تِلْكَ الرِّوَايَةِ إِنْسَانٌ آخَرُ أَخْبَرَهُ بِهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَلَمْ يَسْمَعْهَا هُوَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ لَمَّا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرْوِيَهَا مُرْسَلاً وَلاَ يُسْنِدَهَا إِلَى مَنْ سَمِعَهَا مِنْهُ.
وَكَمَا يُمْكِنُ ذَلِكَ فِي هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَهُوَ أَيْضًا مُمْكِنٌ فِي أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ.
وَكَذَلِكَ كُلُّ إِسْنَادٍ لِحَدِيثٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ سَمَاعِ بَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.
وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ عُرِفَ فِي الْجُمْلَةِ أَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ سَمَاعًا كَثِيرًا فَجَائِزٌ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي بَعْضِ الرِّوَايَةِ فَيَسْمَعَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْهُ بَعْضَ أَحَادِيثِهِ ثُمَّ يُرْسِلَهُ عَنْهُ أَحْيَانًا وَلاَ يُسَمِّيَ مَنْ سَمِعَ مِنْهُ وَيَنْشَطَ أَحْيَانًا فَيُسَمِّيَ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي حَمَلَ عَنْهُ الْحَدِيثَ وَيَتْرُكَ الإِرْسَالَ.
وَمَا قُلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا مَوْجُودٌ فِي الْحَدِيثِ مُسْتَفِيضٌ مِنْ فِعْلِ ثِقَاتِ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ وَأَئِمَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ.
وَسَنَذْكُرُ مِنْ رِوَايَاتِهِمْ عَلَى الْجِهَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَا عَدَدًا يُسْتَدَلُّ بِهَا عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيَّ وَابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ وَوَكِيعًا وَابْنَ نُمَيْرٍ وَجَمَاعَةً غَيْرَهُمْ رَوَوْا عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أُطَيِّبُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِحِلِّهِ وَلِحُرْمِهِ بِأَطْيَبِ مَا أَجِدُ.
فَرَوَى هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةَ بِعَيْنِهَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَدَاوُدُ الْعَطَّارُ وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ وَوُهَيْبُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ وَأَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَرَوَى هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ يُدْنِي إِلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ.
فَرَوَاهَا بِعَيْنِهَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَرَوَى الزُّهْرِيُّ وَصَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي حَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَبِّلُ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ.
فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ فِي الْقُبْلَةِ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُقَبِّلُهَا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ أَطْعَمَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لُحُومَ الْخَيْلِ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ.
فَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَهَذَا النَّحْوُ فِي الرِّوَايَاتِ كَثِيرٌ يَكْثُرُ تَعْدَادُهُ وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْهَا كِفَايَةٌ لِذَوِي الْفَهْمِ.
فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعِلَّةُ عِنْدَ مَنْ وَصَفْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ فِي فَسَادِ الْحَدِيثِ وَتَوْهِينِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَنَّ الرَّاوِيَ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ شَيْئًا إِمْكَانَ الإِرْسَالِ فِيهِ لَزِمَهُ تَرْكُ الاِحْتِجَاجِ فِي قِيَادِ قَوْلِهِ بِرِوَايَةِ مَنْ يُعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُ إِلاَّ فِي نَفْسِ الْخَبَرِ الَّذِي فِيهِ ذِكْرُ السَّمَاعِ لِمَا بَيَّنَّا مِنْ قَبْلُ عَنِ الأَئِمَّةِ الَّذِينَ نَقَلُوا الأَخْبَارَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ تَارَاتٌ يُرْسِلُونَ فِيهَا الْحَدِيثَ إِرْسَالاً وَلاَ يَذْكُرُونَ مَنْ سَمِعُوهُ مِنْهُ وَتَارَاتٌ يَنْشَطُونَ فِيهَا فَيُسْنِدُونَ الْخَبَرَ عَلَى هَيْئَةِ مَا سَمِعُوا فَيُخْبِرُونَ بِالنُّزُولِ فِيهِ إِنْ نَزَلُوا وَبِالصُّعُودِ إِنْ صَعِدُوا كَمَا شَرَحْنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ.
وَمَا عَلِمْنَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ السَّلَفِ مِمَّنْ يَسْتَعْمِلُ الأَخْبَارَ وَيَتَفَقَّدُ صِحَّةَ الأَسَانِيدِ وَسَقَمَهَا مِثْلَ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ وَابْنِ عَوْنٍ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَشُعْبَةَ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فَتَّشُوا عَنْ مَوْضِعِ السَّمَاعِ فِي الأَسَانِيدِ كَمَا ادَّعَاهُ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ.
وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ تَفَقُّدُ مَنْ تَفَقَّدَ مِنْهُمْ سَمَاعَ رُوَاةِ الْحَدِيثِ مِمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْهُمْ إِذَا كَانَ الرَّاوِي مِمَّنْ عُرِفَ بِالتَّدْلِيسِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَشُهِرَ بِهِ فَحِينَئِذٍ يَبْحَثُونَ عَنْ سَمَاعِهِ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَيَتَفَقَّدُونَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ كَيْ تَنْزَاحَ عَنْهُمْ عِلَّةُ التَّدْلِيسِ.
فَمَنِ ابْتَغَى ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ مُدَلِّسٍ عَلَى الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي زَعَمَ مَنْ حَكَيْنَا قَوْلَهُ فَمَا سَمِعْنَا ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ سَمَّيْنَا وَلَمْ نُسَمِّ مِنَ الأَئِمَّةِ.
فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الأَنْصَارِيَّ وَقَدْ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ رَوَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ وَعَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ وَعَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا حَدِيثًا يُسْنِدُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْهُمَا ذِكْرُ السَّمَاعِ مِنْهُمَا وَلاَ حَفِظْنَا فِي شيء مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ شَافَهَ حُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبَا مَسْعُودٍ بِحَدِيثٍ قَطُّ وَلاَ وَجَدْنَا ذِكْرَ رُؤْيَتِهِ إِيَّاهُمَا فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا.
وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِمَّنْ مَضَى وَلاَ مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكْنَا أَنَّهُ طَعَنَ فِي هَذَيْنِ الْخَبَرَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ رَوَاهُمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبِي مَسْعُودٍ بِضَعْفٍ فِيهِمَا بَلْ هُمَا وَمَا أَشْبَهَهُمَا عِنْدَ مَنْ لاَقَيْنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنْ صِحَاحِ الأَسَانِيدِ وَقَوِيِّهَا يَرَوْنَ اسْتِعْمَالَ مَا نُقِلَ بِهَا وَالاِحْتِجَاجَ بِمَا أَتَتْ مِنْ سُنَنٍ وَآثَارٍ
وَهِيَ فِي زَعْمِ مَنْ حَكَيْنَا قَوْلَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَاهِيَةٌ مُهْمَلَةٌ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ سَمَاعَ الرَّاوِي عَمَّنْ رَوَى وَلَوْ ذَهَبْنَا نُعَدِّدُ الأَخْبَارَ الصِّحَاحَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِمَّنْ يَهِنُ بِزَعْمِ هَذَا الْقَائِلِ وَنُحْصِيهَا لَعَجَزْنَا عَنْ تَقَصِّي ذِكْرِهَا وَإِحْصَائِهَا كُلِّهَا وَلَكِنَّا أَحْبَبْنَا أَنْ نَنْصِبَ مِنْهَا عَدَدًا يَكُونُ سِمَةً لِمَا سَكَتْنَا عَنْهُ مِنْهَا.
وَهَذَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيُّ وَأَبُو رَافِعٍ الصَّائِغُ وَهُمَا مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ وَصَحِبَا أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْبَدْرِيِّينَ هَلُمَّ جَرًّا وَنَقَلاَ عَنْهُمُ الأَخْبَارَ حَتَّى نَزَلاَ إِلَى مِثْلِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَذَوِيهِمَا قَدْ أَسْنَدَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا أَنَّهُمَا عَايَنَا أُبَيًّا أَوْ سَمِعَا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيُّ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ أَدْرَكَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ وَكَانَ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلاً وَأَبُو مَعْمَرٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَخْبَرَةَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَبَرَيْنِ وَأَسْنَدَ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَعُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ وُلِدَ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَأَسْنَدَ قَيْسُ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ وَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ زَمَنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَخْبَارٍ.
وَأَسْنَدَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَقَدْ حَفِظَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَصَحِبَ عَلِيًّا عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ رِبْعِيُّ بْنُ حِرَاشٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثَيْنِ وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا وَقَدْ سَمِعَ رِبْعِيٌّ مِنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ.
وَأَسْنَدَ نَافِعُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَحَادِيثَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَأَسْنَدَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيُّ عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا.
وَأَسْنَدَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَادِيثَ.
فَكُلُّ هَؤُلاَءِ التَّابِعِينَ الَّذِينَ نَصَبْنَا رِوَايَتَهُمْ عَنِ الصَّحَابَةِ الَّذِينَ سَمَّيْنَاهُمْ لَمْ يُحْفَظْ عَنْهُمْ سَمَاعٌ عَلِمْنَاهُ مِنْهُمْ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِعَيْنِهَا وَلاَ أَنَّهُمْ لَقُوهُمْ فِي نَفْسِ خَبَرٍ بِعَيْنِهِ.
وَهِيَ أَسَانِيدُ عِنْدَ ذَوِي الْمَعْرِفَةِ بِالأَخْبَارِ وَالرِّوَايَاتِ مِنْ صِحَاحِ الأَسَانِيدِ لاَ نَعْلَمُهُمْ وَهَّنُوا مِنْهَا شَيْئًا قَطُّ وَلاَ الْتَمَسُوا فِيهَا سَمَاعَ بَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.
إِذِ السَّمَاعُ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ مُمْكِنٌ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ غَيْرُ مُسْتَنْكَرٍ لِكَوْنِهِمْ جَمِيعًا كَانُوا فِي الْعَصْرِ الَّذِي اتَّفَقُوا فِيهِ.
وَكَانَ هَذَا الْقَوْلُ الَّذِي أَحْدَثَهُ الْقَائِلُ الَّذِي حَكَيْنَاهُ فِي تَوْهِينِ الْحَدِيثِ بِالْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي وَصَفَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُعَرَّجَ عَلَيْهِ وَيُثَارَ ذِكْرُهُ.
إِذْ كَانَ قَوْلاً مُحْدَثًا وَكَلاَمًا خَلْفًا لَمْ يَقُلْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ سَلَفَ وَيَسْتَنْكِرُهُ مَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ خَلَفَ فَلاَ حَاجَةَ بِنَا فِي رَدِّهِ بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا شَرَحْنَا.
إِذْ كَانَ قَدْرُ الْمَقَالَةِ وَقَائِلِهَا الْقَدْرَ الَّذِي وَصَفْنَاهُ. وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى دَفْعِ مَا خَالَفَ مَذْهَبَ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَعَلَيْهِ التُّكْلاَنُ.